1. Ancient Rome Vocabulary
Mr. Jackson

2. Reforms
make changes in order to improve it.

3. Republic
a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.

4.  Legion
a unit of 3,000–6,000 men in the ancient Roman army.

5. Consul
(in ancient Rome) one of the two annually elected chief magistrates who jointly ruled the republic.

6.  Veto
a constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body.

7. Praetor
each of two ancient Roman magistrates ranking below consul.

8.  Tribune
an official in ancient Rome chosen by the plebeians to protect their interests.

9. Dictator
a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained power by force.

10. Civic Duty
responsibilities of a citizen.
Examples: jury duty.

11. Triumvirate
(in ancient Rome) a group of three men holding power, in particular ( the First Triumvirate ) the unofficial coalition of Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus in 60 BC and ( the Second Triumvirate ) a coalition formed by Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian in 43 BC.

12. Pax Romana
the peace that existed between nationalities within the Roman Empire.

13. Proconsul
a governor of a province in ancient Rome, having much of the authority of a consul.

14.  Hierarchy
a system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.

15.  Political Process
the process of the formulation and administration of public policy usually by interaction between social groups and political institutions or between political leadership and public opinion.

16. Separation of Powers
an act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies.

17. Rule of Law
the restriction of the subjective power by subordinating it to well- defined and established laws.

18. Punic wars
The Punic Wars were a series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage from 264 BC to 146 BC.

19. imperial
relating to an empire.

20. longevity
long existence or service.

21. Democratic Principles
legal equality, political freedom and rule of law have been identified as important characteristics. These principles are reflected in all eligible citizens being equal before the law and having equal access to legislative processes.

22. a simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson
 parable
a simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson

23. salvation
preservation or deliverance from harm, ruin, or loss.

24.  martyr
a person who is killed because of their beliefs.

25. the body of all people ordained for religious duties
 clergy
the body of all people ordained for religious duties

26. doctrine
a stated principle of government policy, mainly in foreign or military affairs.

27.  anatomy
a study of the structure or internal workings of something.

28. vault
a roof in the form of an arch or a series of arches, typical of churches and other large, formal buildings.

29.  satire
the use of humor, irony,ridicule to expose for politics.

30. ode
a lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject.

31.  patricians
an aristocrat or nobleman.

32. plebeians
(in ancient Rome) a collective.

33. the modern culture of Europe.
western civilization
the modern culture of Europe.