1. What is the difference between a group and a period?
Each column is called a group. The elements in each group have the same number of electrons in the outer orbital. Those outer electrons are also called valence electrons.
All of the elements in a period (or row) have the same number of atomic orbitals Or energy shells. 

2. How is the periodic table organized?
It is organized by increasing atomic numbers left to right and top to bottom.

3. Which area of the periodic table is highly reactive and why?
The most reactive area is the alkali metals.
They are the MOST reactive elements because they only have one valence electron and need to give it away to fulfill its energy shell requirements and create an ionic bond.

4. Which area of the periodic table is the least reactive and why?
The least reactive are the noble gasses. They have their valence shells filled and will not give or take other electrons.

5. A. What is an element. B. What are they made of. C
A.What is an element? B.What are they made of ? C.Where do we find information about each?
A pure substance
Made of only once kind of atom throughout.
C. In the Periodic Table of Elements

6. A. What is a compound? B. What is it made of?
It is not a pure substance.
A compound is one or more elements chemically combined into a whole new substance with different properties of the elements that make them up.

7. A. What is a mixture? B. How can you tell them apart from an element or compound?
A mixture is a combination of elements or compounds that do not chemically combine.
B. A mixture can be separated by physical means (ie. filter or evaporation ).

8. What are the two kinds of mixtures?
The two kinds of mixtures are;
Heterogeneous. A heterogeneous mixture consists of visibly different substances. Examples are; tossed salad, salt water, soil and water, pizza, etc.
B. Homogeneous. A homogeneous mixture has the same uniform appearance and composition throughout. Examples are; milk, kool-aid, blood, lotion, chocolate milk, etc.

9. What kind of matter is a solution?
A solution is a homogeneous mixture. It has two parts;
The solute – is what gets dissolved
The solvent- is what does the dissolving

10. Describe the property of solubility.
Solubility is a physical property not a chemical property.
The reason is that it does not change the chemical composition of the material. For example, when salt dissolves in water. The salt is still salt. The water is still water.
Solubility is the amount of solute needed to form a saturated solution at a specific temperature and with a specific amount of solvent.
ie. It takes 10 grams of salt (solute) dissolved into 100 ml of water (solvent) to form a saturated solution of salt water at 37.8 degrees Celsius.
There are three types of Solutions;
Saturated
Unsaturated
supersaturated

11. Note the sodium chloride (NaCL)
Solubility curve
Note the sodium chloride (NaCL)

12. Define a solid Define a liquid
A solid has a definite shape and definite volume. It is rigid and has tightly packed molecules that vibrate in place.
Define a liquid
A liquid does NOT have a definite shape but has a definite volume. It is fluid (meaning it moves from area of high pressure to low pressure) and has loosely bonded molecules that allow it to flow.

13. Define a gas A gas has no definite shape and no definite volume.
Its molecules fly far apart. It can be compressed into different volumes and shapes.
Raise its temp. and it takes up greater volume.
Lower temp and it takes up less volume.
As it is compressed, the gas’s temp. rises as does its pressure.

14. What happens when we add heat to matter?
Adding heat means adding kinetic energy to the substance causing its molecular bonds to “loosen” or even break if the energy is high enough.
Adding or taking away heat (kinetic energy) causes a substance to go through phase changes –
solid to liquid , liquid to gas when adding energy
(melting point) (vaporization or evaporation)
and gas to liquid, liquid to solid when taking energy away.
(condensation) (freezing point)

15. What does a triple beam balance scale measure and in what unit?
A triple beam balance scale measures mass in grams.
What does a graduated cylinder measure and in what unit?
A graduated cylinder measures volume in mL

16. Object A has a mass of 2g and object B has a mass of 1g They both have the same volume.
Compare object A’s density to Object B’ Density .
The density of A is greater than the density of B.

17. Substance A has a density of 2g/mL. Substance B has a density of 1
Substance A has a density of 2g/mL. Substance B has a density of 1.5 g/mL and substance C has a density of .5g/mL
All three substance are liquids. Describe what will happen to each when poured into the same container.

18. To determine that a chemical change has taken place, we look for physical changes in the substance after they are mixed or combined.

19. Physical changes that indicate a chemical reaction has taken place.
Gas Bubbles Appear. Formation of a Precipitate. ...
Color Change. ...
Temperature Change. ...
Production of Light. ...
Volume Change. ...
Change in Smell or Taste.

20. In a chemical change, a new substance is formed whose properties are different from the properties of the components that make it up.
ie. Copper combined chemically with oxygen creates carbon dioxide. O2

21. In a Physical change, a substance changes in size or shape but retains its chemical properties.To

22. An apple turns brown or an iron rusts as the result of a chemical change called oxydaton

23. Sour
Turns blue litmus paper red.
Reacts with metals
Bitter
Turns red litmus paper blue.
Soapy/slimy feel

24. Positive or direct relationships
Positive or direct relationships. If the points cluster around a line that runs from the lower left to upper right of the graph area, then the relationship between the two variables is positive or direct 

25. A negative or inverse relationship graph.

26. Green House Gases