Measurement Techniques / Space Lab Technical Information and Some Hints for the Reports Practical Measurement Techniques / Space Lab, University of Bremen,

Measurement Techniques / Space Lab Technical Information and Some Hints for the Reports Practical Measurement Techniques / Space Lab, University of Bremen, Summer 2019 Andreas Richter room U2090 tel: Christian Mertens room M3140 tel:

The Measurement Techniques / Space Lab course consists of
General Information I The Measurement Techniques / Space Lab course consists of lectures introducing the lab experiments the lab experiments your reports an oral exam A. Richter & C. Mertens, Measurement Techniques summer 2018 - 2 -

Time Schedule: Lectures

General Information I In total 4 / 2 lab experiments have to be completed successfully The labs will take place on Wednesdays from 10 a.m. until 5 p.m. if not arranged otherwise The labs will be performed in groups of 2 students Lab instructions, including descriptions of the experimental setup, the tasks to be performed and further literature are available for every experiment on the Measurement Techniques website

General Information II
Download the instructions (at least) 2 weeks before the date of the lab At least one week before the date of the labs confirm the exact time and location of the lab with the tutor, and perhaps have a first look at the instruments you will use On the day of experiment, there will be a preliminary discussion with the tutor to confirm that you are well prepared. If this is not the case, you cannot perform the experiment After the discussion, the tutor will provide the necessary introduction and you will perform the experiment A lab report has to be written for every experiment

General information III
The reports must be submitted to the tutor 2 weeks after the lab If the report is not accepted by the tutor it can be corrected two times within a period of two weeks after receiving it from the tutor A special form will accompany you through the lab classes and the review process. This form will be given to you during the last lecture and has to be handed in at the end of semester. You will need this form with all signatures to receive the credit points for this course (“Studienleistung”)

General information IV
Note: If you: fail to show up, are not prepared appropriately, submit a report that is not accepted by the tutor even after two revisions you will have to do an additional experiment at the end of the semester to receive the credit points for the course. Extra experiments can only be done once and should you fail this one also, you will not pass the course.

Safety Considerations
In this set of experiments, you will not be exposed to undue danger by inflammable or hazardous material or ionizing or other harmful radiation. However, you should be aware of some general safety considerations. Don‘t eat or drink in the labs (this might damage the experiment). If anything is broken, inform your tutor immediately. Never construct, modify, or disconnect electrical circuits under voltage applied. Never look into laser beams. Be informed about emergency exits and fire extinguisher sites. On alert, immediately leave the lab room. Don‘t cause danger to yourself or anybody else!

Satellite Image Analysis
Experiments Satellite Image Analysis DOAS (Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy) measurements of stratospheric species Acoustic Current Measurements FTS Measurements Ozone Absorption Spectroscopy Lagrangian Trajectory Modelling Electromagnetic Ice Thickness Measurements Cavity Ring down Spectroscopy Stratospheric Chemistry Kinetics Modelling

Time Schedule: Lab Classes
Form groups of 2 people Select a group (combination of experiments & dates) from the list Put your names and s in the list for the selected group You will have 4 experiments distributed over May and June Contact the tutor of your first experiment before end of April to make an appointment and get additional instructions buffer

Submission and revision of lab reports
for each experiment, you have to submit a report students within one group submit joint reports after each experiment, you have 2 weeks for writing the report and submitting it to the tutor the tutor reads the report and will usually ask for some revisions you have one week to submit a revised report if necessary, you will have to make a second revision if the tutor does not accept your report after the second revision, this will be discussed with the lecturers (A. Richter and C. Mertens). If everything else fails, you will have to take an additional experiment. Only with 4 / 2 of your reports having been accepted and with a successful exam you will get the credit points for this course.

the report should show that you have understood the experiment
Contents of the report your report should enable another scientist to setup a similar experiment, to repeat the measurements and to compare his results with yours you should give the motivation why things have been done the way they were done the report should show that you have understood the experiment questions to answer in the report: What is the background of the experiment? What have you done? Why have you done it? How have you done it? What are the results? What are the associated uncertainties? What are the conclusions?

Structure of the report
Title of the experiment, group and name of the students, date Introduction: Short description of the experiment and its objectives Theoretical background: Scientific background on which the experiment is based Experimental setup: Description of the setup used, components and their principle of operation Experimental procedure: Description of each step made during the experiment, indicating the time and relevant details Data analysis: Description of the data obtained, analysis and conversion procedures applied to obtain the results for interpretation Results and error analysis: Final numerical and graphical results with the corresponding associated error. A detailed description of the error analysis should also be included. Discussion of results: Interpretation of the final results in relation to the objectives of the experiment. You can use the questions given in the instructions for the experiment as a guideline Appendix: Raw data in a table, in graphs or in digital form, computer code

Use of external sources of information
in addition to the material provided in the experiment description and lecture, you are expected to use other sources of information (papers, books, web pages, discussion with your colleagues) any information source used must be acknowledged in the text through appropriate citations quoting another text verbatim (“cut and paste”) is usually not acceptable, and has always to be indicated by using quotation marks if you can’t say it in your own words, you have probably not understood it quotes from the experiment description are not acceptable using data or text from the reports of other groups, or using un-referenced cut-and-paste text from some internet source, is considered to be fraud

figures must be large enough to see all the necessary details
Use of figures Graphical representation of data and results is highly recommended “A picture is worth a thousand words” All figures must have clear axis labels indicating the quantity plotted and the units used figure captions explaining the contents of the figure figure numbers for reference proper reference and explanation in the text figures must be large enough to see all the necessary details line thickness and symbol sizes must be adequate, colors often help the ranges used for x and y axis must be appropriate for the range of values shown individual data points should be shown by symbols connecting lines should usually be linear, not spline or polynomials where possible, add error bars

useless perfect Example for a figure
Fig 1: Variation of tropospheric NO2-column with latitude. Data from GEOSCHEM model for July [Martin et al., 2001] . perfect

often, a numerical result is expected from your experiment
Numbers often, a numerical result is expected from your experiment all numerical results have to be given with units checking units often helps to find mistakes all results must be accompanied by error estimates the number of digits given must make sense with the errors: E = W m-2 => E = W m-2 E = 3E W m => E = W m-2 all results should be put into context e.g. is of expected order of magnitude lies within 5% of the predicted value is twice as large as expected for clean situations

use clear section headings don’t forget page numbers
Formal requirements form matters! use section numbering use clear section headings don’t forget page numbers use numbers for equations, figures and tables before submitting, check your report for structure completeness grammar and spelling submit your report electronically (pdf) to the tutor (if required submit a printed version in a binder) clearly indicate your names, date of the experiment, date of submission of report on the cover sheet reports are prepared with a word processor (Word, LaTeX, OpenOffice, …) the length of the report is typically 6 – 8 pages

Final Exam Contact: Type of exam: Oral exam (45 / 30 minutes)
Content: 15 minutes presentation of one experiment 30 / 15 minutes questions related to the lectures and to 4 / 2 labs Date: August , 2019 exact times TBD Contact: Andreas Richter Christian Mertens Room: U Room: M-3140 Phone: Phone:

Measurement Techniques / Space Lab Technical Information and Some Hints for the Reports Practical Measurement Techniques / Space Lab, University of Bremen,

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Measurement Techniques / Space Lab Technical Information and Some Hints for the Reports Practical Measurement Techniques / Space Lab, University of Bremen,

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