1. Islam Expands 10.2

2. 4.2.1 Growth of Islam and Dar al-Islam [A country, territory, land, or abode where Muslim sovereignty prevails] – Identify and explain the origins and expansion of Islam and the creation of the Islamic Empire.
diverse religious traditions of Islam - Sunni, Shi'a/Shi'ite, Sufi
role of Dar al-Islam as a cultural, political, and economic force in Afro-Eurasia
the caliphate as both a religious and political institution, and the persistence of other traditions in the Arab World including Christianity
the founding geographic extent of Muslim empires and the artistic, scientific, technological, and economic features of Muslim society

3. Islam
Muhammad- Prophet
Qur’an – Gods Word
Five pillars of Islam

4. Muhammad dies in 632 Who is in Control?
“Rightly Guided” Caliphs (Successor)
Used the Qur’an and Muhammad's actions as the guides for leadership.
First Four Caliphs- “Caliphate”
Abu- Baker
Umar
Utman
Ali
Islam empire greatly expands through the Middle East, N. Africa, and Spain under the Caliphate

5. The expansion of Islam was military and religious as well as cultural and political
Reasons for Success
a common religion & central power in the caliphate.
“Jihad”
the relative weaknesses of the Byzantine and Persian empires.
bold and efficient military methods: use of horses and camels
the fact that Muslims were often viewed as liberators.
a shared cultural identity among Muslims

7. Division Begins 656 Uthman –Murdered
Ali (Muhammad's son in law) was the next selection
Challenged by Governor of Syria
661 Ali Assassinated.
ELECTIVE PROCESS OF Rule is over.

8. The Religious Split Umayyad family takes control (661 – 750)
Move capital to Damascus
Surround themselves with wealth and ceremony
Creates religious and political opposition

9. Religious divide Sunni (Majority) Shi’a (Minority)
Believe rulers should follow Muhammad's example
Believe the first four caliphs were “Rightly Guided”
Shi’a (Minority)
Believe that Ali should have been named successor
Rulers should have descended from Muhammad.

10. Abbasids take control (750 – 1258)
Move capital to Baghdad, Iraq
On a key trade route
Developed huge Bureaucracy
Treasury for money
Department for the army
Foreign Diplomats
Consulted with religious leader
Leadership fails because territory is to large

12. Muslim trade network Two major sea trading networks
Mediterranean sea and Indian Ocean
Connected to the Silk Road
China, India, Africa, Europe
Single language: Arabic
Single Currency: Abbasid Dinar

13. Today in chapter 10.3 Muslim Culture
With the expansion of Trade,
Comes cultural integration!