1. Cell Division in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Chapter 10, Section 2 Pg

2. Cell Division in Prokaryotes
Prokaryotes reproduce through binary fission.
3 steps:
Cell duplicates its chromosome.
Cell doubles in size.
DNA is divided and 2 new cells are formed.
Two new cells are identical to one another.

3. Cell Division in Eukaryotes
All eukaryotes go through the cell cycle.
Cell cycle – different stages of life for cells
Made up of 2 parts:
Interphase – time between divisions
G1 – cell grows to its mature size
S (synthesis) – chromosomes are copied
G2 – cell prepares for division
M phase – cell division
Mitosis – chromosomes in nucleus divide
Cytokinesis – the rest of the cell divides
Cells can leave the cell cycle.
Some cells stop dividing (ex: nerve cells)
These cells are said to be in G0

4. Cell Division in Eukaryotes
Cell division happens during the M phase of cell cycle
Made of 2 parts:
Mitosis – nucleus divides
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis – cytoplasm divides

5. Prophase Chromsomes coil up and condense Nuclear membrane breaks down
1st time chromosomes are visible
Nuclear membrane breaks down
Centrosomes appear and move to opposite ends of the cell
Spindle fibers attach to each chromosome
Attach at the centromere

6. Metaphase Meta = middle Spindle fibers move chromosomes
Chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell

7. Anaphase
Spindle fibers shorten and move the chromosomes across the cell
Chromosomes separate, and chromatids are pulled apart
Chromatids move to opposite ends of the cell

8. Telophase Chromosomes reach ends of the cell
Spindle fibers detach and disassemble
Nuclear membrane reforms around each set of chromosomes
Nucleolus reforms
One large cell with two identical nuclei
Cytokinesis happens next
Splits the rest of the cell
Different in plants and animals

9. Cytokinesis in Animal Cells
Cell membrane pinches in forming a cleavage furrow until cells are separated.
The cytoskeleton causes this to happen.

10. Cytokinesis in Plants
Vesicles from Golgi fuse together forming a membrane-bound cell wall called a cell plate.
Eventually it grows to separate the cells.