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Cell Reproduction  Prokaryotes Bacteria  Eukaryotes Plants & animals.

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Presentation on theme: "Cell Reproduction  Prokaryotes Bacteria  Eukaryotes Plants & animals."— Presentation transcript:

1 Cell Reproduction  Prokaryotes Bacteria  Eukaryotes Plants & animals

2 Prokaryotes  Lack a nucleus  Have a single chromosome  Reproduce by binary fission  Include bacteria

3 Steps in Binary Fission  Used by bacteria  Cells increase their cell mass slightly  DNA & cell components are replicated  Each cell divides into 2 daughter cells

4 Binary Fission of Bacterial Cell

5 E. Coli Dividing by Binary Fission

6 Eukaryotes  Contain a nucleus & membrane bound organelles  Asexually reproduce cells by mitosis

7 Cell Cycle  Stages in growth & division  G1 Phase  S Phase  G2 Phase  M Phase  Cytokinesis

8 G1 Phase  First growth stage  Cell increases in size  Cell prepares to copy its DNA

9 Synthesis Phase  Copying of all of DNA’s instructions  Chromosomes duplicated

10 G2 Phase  Time between DNA synthesis & mitosis  Cell continues growing  Needed proteins produced

11 M(mitosis) Phase  Cell growth & protein production stop  Cell’s energy used to make 2 daughter cells  Called mitosis or karyokinesis (nuclear division)

12

13 Life Cycle of a Cell Mitosis is a cycle with no beginning or end.

14 Interphase – Resting Stage  Cells carrying on normal activities  Chromosomes aren’t visible  Cell metabolism is occurring  Occurs before mitosis

15 Interphase

16

17 Stages of Mitosis  Prophase  Metaphase  Anaphase  Telophase

18 Cells Undergoing Mitosis

19 Steps in Prophase  DNA coils tightly & becomes visible as chromosomes  Nuclear membrane disappears  Nuceolus disappears  Centrioles migrate to poles  Spindle begins to form

20

21 Prophase,c4

22 Prophase

23 Eukaryotic Chromosome

24 Human Chromosomes

25 Metaphase

26

27 Steps in Metaphase  Spindle fibers from centrioles attach to each chromosome  Cell preparing to separate its chromosomes  Cell aligns its chromosomes in the middle of the cell

28 Metaphase,b4

29 Anaphase

30 Mitotic Spindle

31

32 Steps in Anaphase  The centromeres divide. Sister chromatids separate and move toward the corresponding poles.  Spindle fibers shorten so chromosomes pulled to ends of cell

33 Anaphase,a4

34 Telophase Plant Animal

35 Steps in Telophase  Separation of chromosomes completed  Cell Plate forms in plants  Cleavage furrow forms in animals  Nucleus & nucleolus reform  Chromosomes uncoil

36 Telophase,d4

37

38 Cytokinesis Cell Plate Forming in Plant Cells

39 Cytokinesis  Occurs after chromosomes separate  Forms two, identical daughter cells


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