1. Unit 4: Nationalism to Imperialism

3. Current Political Map of Turkey & Armenia

4. Decline of Empires By the 18th Century, all 3 were in decline.
3 Reasons:
Land-owning nobles, military elites, and other powerful groups took power from central governments
Widespread corruption
Religious leaders stirred discontent against government

5. Western Imperialism
Europeans won treaties heavily favoring European interests
Many times won these through military threats
Special rights granted to Europeans living in these areas
European countries often intervened politically and/or militarily to protect these rights

6. Western Imperialism
Ideas about nationalism spread from western Europe to Middle East
Leads to revolts in the multi-ethnic Ottoman Empire
Europeans take advantage
France, Russia, Great Britain, and Germany all seize territory that once belonged to the Ottoman Empire

7. Western Imperialism Ottoman rulers try to reform
Take ideas from Europeans
Reorganize bureaucracy & tax system
Built railroads
Modernized military
Sent young men west for education (brought home ideas about democracy & equality)
Improved medical care
Revitalized farming techniques

8. Western Imperialism Improvements caused negatives Young Turks Movement
Population boom increased competition for jobs & food
Western ideas about democracy & equality led young men to question rulers
Young Turks Movement
1890s
Liberal movement of reform to save the empire
1908, overthrow the sultan
WWI interrupted efforts to reform

9. Armenian Genocide
Ottoman empire had let minority groups live in own communities & practice own religions
Nationalism movement called for separation between the different races
Armenians protest repressive policies & reject nationalism
Call for a reform on the Ottoman Empire rather than separation

10. Armenian Genocide
Increased tension between Turkish nationalists and Armenians
Armenians were the minority -> increased discrimination & violence against them occurred.
Over the next 25 years, between 600,000 and 1.5 million Armenians were killed or died from disease & starvation

11. Unit 4: Nationalism to Imperialism

12. Goals What happened to the Armenians at the turn of the century?
What evidence do we have of the crimes against the Armenians?

13. Step 1: Reading 5 different readings
Take notes on the following topics:
Ottoman Empire
Life for Armenians
Armenian Action
Response to Armenians at home
International Response
Side note: Not all topics will apply to every reading

14. Step 2: Share Out As a group, share out the information you read about
Everyone should be taking notes

15. Step 3: Discussion
What options did Armenians have in their quest for equal rights? What strategies did they use?
Why do you think they weren't successful in bringing about meaningful change?
Who is responsible for protecting minorities when they are mistreated?
During the late 19th century, many countries thought that the best protection for minority groups was to gain their independence. What do you think? Should all minority groups live within their own nation? Why do you think most Armenians rejected that strategy?