1. The LKR field in Cataloging Version 16 and up
Yoel Kortick

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3. Introduction The LKR field may appear in a record for two reasons:
It has been generated by the system (system-generated)
It has been entered by a cataloger (user-generated)
We will first discuss system-generated links, then user-generated links

4. System-Generated Links
The ALEPH system holds information in different types of records and different types of "libraries" (databases). For example, a standard system has a bibliographic database for storing bibliographic data, and an administrative database for storing administrative data.
The total picture of a record is dependent on the links between the other records in the system. The LKR field is an ALEPH field used to create these links.

5. Automatic creation of System-Generated Links
When creating a holdings or an administrative record for the bibliographic record in the Catalog module, the new record automatically includes the LKR field.
The following is an example of an LKR field for an administrative record. Note that subfield $a of the LKR field (administrative record) is set to ADM and subfield $b contains the system number of the bibliographic record.

6. Bibliographic Record
We have the following record in library USM01

7. Holding Record
When the HOL record is created for the bibliographic record, it automatically receives an LKR field

8. ADM Record
Similarly, when an item is created, an Administrative record is also created, and contains an LKR field.

9. Structure of the system-generated LKR
The system-generated LKR field contains three subfields
Subfield a: type of link
HOL: link from HOL record to BIB record. Link is built from BIB to HOL.
ADM: link from ADM record to BIB record. Link is built from BIB to ADM.

10. Structure of the system-generated LKR
Subfield l: library to which record is linked
In the examples here the HOL record and the ADM record are linked to the USM01 library
Subfield b: system number of record to which current record is linked

11. Structure of the system-generated LKR
This is a Holding Record linked to system number in library USM01

12. Structure of the system-generated LKR
This is an Administrative Record linked to system number in library USM01

13. User-generated LKR field
You can use the LKR field to create links from one bibliographic record to another
for example
for analytical purposes
for changed titles for serial publications

14. User-generated LKR field
The available types of links and the values that must be entered to generate these links are shown in the next slides.
Note that the LKR field is only cataloged in one of the records; the system creates the other side of the link.
First we will discuss LKR subfield a, then the other subfields

15. User-generated LKR field – subfield aUP
An up link to another bibliographic record. A record can have only one link of this type. A DN link is automatically built in the opposite direction. DN
A down link to another bibliographic record. Multiple links are possible. An UP link is automatically built in the opposite direction.

16. User-generated LKR field – subfield a
PAR
A parallel link from one bibliographic record to another. A PAR link is automatically built in the opposite direction.
ANA
The ANA link creates both ITM and UP-DN type links. In other words, it creates a link between the two bibliographic records and to the item/s. * Note that subfield $b for this type of link contains the system number of the bibliographic record to which the record is linked (unlike the ITM type link).

17. User-generated LKR field – subfield a
ITM
The ITM link creates a link between one bibliographic record and the items of another bibliographic record. The item filter fields ($y, $v, $p, and $i must be used for this type of link). *Note that subfield $b for this type of link contains the ADM system number.

18. User-generated LKR field – other subfields
System number of the linked record (the target record) i
Issue link k
Pages l
Library where target record is located. It must be entered in uppercase

19. User-generated LKR field – other subfieldsm
Down link note n
Up link note p
Part link r
MARC tag link

20. User-generated LKR field – other subfields
Sort sequence; can be alphanumeric (more information on the way this field affects the display of the link can be found in tab_fix_z103) v
Volume link y
Year link

21. Up and Down links
The DN (down) link creates a down link from the record that has the LKR field to the record to which it is linked. An UP (up) link is created automatically from the linked record back to the record with the LKR field.
The UP (up) link creates an up link from the record that has the LKR field to the record to which it is linked. A DN (down) link is created automatically from the linked record back to the record with the LKR field.

22. Up and Down links Example: we have
Sysno 67342: Economic History of Europe
Sysno 67343: Economic History of Poland
Sysno 67344: Economic History of Portugal
We will make a DN link from to both and An UP link will automatically be created from and to 67342

23. Up and Down links Thus, in record 67342 we will add the following:
LKR L $$a DN
$$b 67343
$$l USM01
$$n The economic history of Poland
$$m The economic history of Europe
$$b 67344
$$n The economic history of Portugal

24. Up and Down links
And therefore when user views record in web OPAC he will see the following as part of the record:
Clicking “The economic history of Poland” will link to record 67343
Clicking “The economic history of Portugal” will link to record 67344

25. Up and Down links
And therefore when user views record or record in web OPAC he will see the following as part of the record:
Clicking “The economic history of Europe” will link to record 67342

26. The PAR (parallel) link
The PAR (parallel) link creates a parallel link from one record to another.
For example, we may have two similar bibliographic records, and we want to tell the reader to see the other bibliographic record when he views one of them in the web OPAC. (Perhaps for example we have two editions of the same monograph).

27. The PAR (parallel) link
Scenario
We have record 67348:
24504 L $$a<<The>> Cambridge economic history of Europe;$$cgeneral editors, M.M. Postan and H.J. Habakkuk.
250 L $$a1st ed.
And we have record 67342:
24504 L $$a<<The>> Cambridge economic history of Europe;$$cgeneral editors, M.M. Postan and H.J. Habakkuk.
250 L $$a2nd ed.
We can make a parallel link between the two records

28. The PAR (parallel) link
In record 67342, which is 2nd edition, cataloger can catalog as follows
LKR L $$a PAR $$b $$l USM01 $$n other edition available:1st edition $$m other edition available:2nd edition
The subfield “n” points to the other record (not the record in which the LKR field is being cataloged

29. The PAR (parallel) link
When web OPAC user views record 67348, which is 1st edition, he will see as follows:
Clicking the link will cause user to arrive to record (2nd edition)
When web OPAC user views record 67342, which is 2nd edition, he will see as follows:
Clicking the link will cause user to arrive to record (1st edition)

30. The ITM (item) link ITM Links
The ITM link creates a link between a bibliographic record and the items of another bibliographic record.
The following is an example of an ITM link. In this example, Northern Albania (system number 67350) is the first volume of the series Albania (system number 67349) . Central Albania (system number 67351) is the second volume of the series Albania. The items for all volumes are managed under the record Albania.

31. The ITM (item) link
All items are entered via GUI in record Albania which is Bibliographic record number and Administrative record number 67349
Vol. 1
Vol. 2
No items are entered for and 67351

32. The ITM (item) link
Bibliographic record (Volume 1) contains the following LKR field:
LKR L $$a ITM $$b (ADM record of the item) $$l USM50 (ADM library of the item) $$v (Volume Enum. Level 1)
Bibliographic record (Volume 2) contains the following LKR field:
LKR L $$a ITM $$b (ADM record of the item) $$l USM50 (ADM library of the item) $$v (Volume Enum. Level 1)

33. The ITM (item) link
User goes to web and views Bibliographic record (Volume 1) and he gets the following link:
Which brings the following item:

34. The ITM (item) link
User goes to web and views Bibliographic record (Volume 2) and he gets the following link:
Which brings the following item:

35. The ITM (item) link
But… When user view the “main” record, 67349, where all of the items are entered, he will get the following link (to all items):
Which brings all items:

36. The ANA (analytic) link
Analytic Links
ANA is a link between bibliographic records of different levels. When an analytic link is created the system generates UP / DWN links between the two records and an item link between the source record and the item that corresponds to it (according to vol. ,part, year and pages) on the ADM record of the second record.
For a list of all possible subfields for the ANA link see the “tag information” tab of the cataloging module

37. The ANA (analytic) link
Scenario 1:
We have the following records
67352 Studies in library science
67353 Vol. 1 of the series, titled “Developments in cataloging”
67354 Vol. 2 of the series, titled “Developments in acquisitions”

38. The ANA (analytic) link
In record 67352, which is the “main” record, we add no LKR field, and we add items:

39. The ANA (analytic) link
In record (Vol. 1) we add:
LKR L $$a ANA $$b (number of the linked document record) $$l USM01 (bibliographic library) $$v 01 (vol. enum. Level of linked item) $$n Studies in library science (text for UP link) $$m Developments in cataloging (text for DWN link)
And no items are added to this record

40. The ANA (analytic) link
In record (Vol. 2) we add:
LKR L $$a ANA $$b (number of the linked document record) $$l USM01 (bibliographic library) $$v 02 (vol. enum. Level of linked item) $$n Studies in library science (text for UP link) $$m Developments in acquisitions (text for DWN link)
And no items are added to this record

41. The ANA (analytic) link
Users views “main” record (67352) in web and sees link to all items
And sees both items

42. The ANA (analytic) link
Also in “main” record (67352) in web user sees links to both bibliographic records of the series:
Clicking these links will cause user to arrive to each of the bibliographic records

43. The ANA (analytic) link
In record and (Vol. 1 and Vol. 2) the user in web will have an UP link to the “main” record (67352)

44. The ANA (analytic) link
Record (Vol. 1) will also have an item link which will bring only volume 1

45. The ANA (analytic) link
Record (Vol. 2) will have an item link which will bring only volume 2

46. The ANA (analytic) link
It is also possible to make an analytic link to a specific section of a bibliographic record.
For example
we have a record titled “Academic libraries: a collection of papers “.
It is system number 67355
It includes many articles, two of them:
Academic libraries in North America (pp 23-67)
History of Academic Libraries (pp 68-97)

47. The ANA (analytic) link
Bibliographic record is catalogued and one item entered (There are no volumes)
Bibliographic record is cataloged as the first article from the previous slide “Academic libraries in North America”
Bibliographic record is cataloged as the second article from the previous slide “History of Academic Libraries”

48. The ANA (analytic) link
Bibliographic record is catalogued and one item entered (there are no volumes).
Bibliographic record is cataloged as the first article from the previous slide “Academic libraries in North America”.
Bibliographic record is cataloged as the second article from the previous slide “History of Academic Libraries”.

49. The ANA (analytic) link
We enter one item for the “main” biblographic record, 67355, and no LKR field
No volume

50. The ANA (analytic) link
We enter no item for record 67356, and we add the following LKR field
LKR L $$a ANA $$b (number of the linked document record) $$l USM01 (bibliographic library) $$k (pages) $$n Academic libraries: a collection of papers (text for UP link) $$m Academic libraries in North America (text for DWN link)
It is customary to also put the pages of the article as part of the bibliographic record

51. The ANA (analytic) link
We enter no item for record 67357, and we add the following LKR field
LKR L $$a ANA $$b (number of the linked document record) $$l USM01 (bibliographic library) $$k (pages) $$n Academic libraries: a collection of papers (text for UP link) $$m History of Academic Libraries (text for DWN link)
It is customary to also put the pages of the article as part of the bibliographic record

52. The ANA (analytic) link
We enter web OPAC and view record It has a down link to both articles, and a link to the item.

53. The ANA (analytic) link
We enter web OPAC and view record It has an up link to the main record, as well as the item of the main record

54. The ANA (analytic) link
We enter web OPAC and view record It also has an up link to the main record, as well as the item of the main record