1. Unit 6 Mr. Nazak Morehead STEM 2015--2016
Cold War
Unit 6
Mr. Nazak
Morehead STEM

2. Post World War II
Immediately following WWII- Tension developed between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.
Why this tension?
U.S. and Soviet Union were the strongest nations following WWII
Titled “Superpowers”
Opposite ideas about government
U.S.- Democracy/ Capitalist economy
Soviet Union- Dictatorship/ Communist economy
U.S. practiced policy of Containment- not allowing communism to spread
How?- Control Western Europe and West Germany
Soviet Union took control of Eastern European countries (economically and militarily)
Eastern Germany, Poland, Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria, and Czechoslovakia
*Think about it- Why would East Germany being controlled by Soviet Union be an issue?

3. Soviet Union Control in East Germany
While West Germany was controlled by the Allied Powers, the Soviet Union wanted to show dominance of Germany
Berlin Blockade- Soviet government shut down all highways and railroads from West Berlin and Germany.
East Germany could not receive any supplies
Berlin Airlift- Allied Powers takes action!
Rather than send troops into Soviet territory, Allied Powers used planes to drop food, clothing, and fuel each day
After 321 days of the airlift- Soviets ended the blockade

5. Causes of the Cold War- Containment Policy
Four-Point Program- use American money and technical specialist to help developing nations grow
Goal- increase agricultural production, improve government, advance education, and promote public health
Created by President Truman
Much of Europe was in need of help after WWII- Soviet Union promised support! *Helped Soviet Union to spread power throughout Europe!
U.S. response- Marshall Plan
Organize all European nation to work together in order to rebuild and recover
U.S. would provide money and support for the plan
Result- Between 1948 and $12 billion went to 16 Western European countries (no communism spread there)

7. Cause of the Cold War- Alliances
Soviet Union and U.S. both joined multiple world organizations that helped to lead to additional tension
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Atlantic bordering nations promised to defend each other from Soviet attack
U.S. provided troops to be stationed in Europe
Warsaw Pact, Soviet Union and Soviet Satellite nations joined in a treaty to protect each other from a NATO alliance attack
*Think about it- How is this similar to WWI and WWII?

8. NATO and Warsaw Pact Map

9. Creating NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT
choose three colors to use during the activity
create a key at the bottom of the map using those three colors
view the placard for each nation – use the clue from the placard to determine whether that nation was aligned with the United States, the Soviet Union, or remained neutral during the Cold War
NATO WARSAW PACT
UNITED STATES USSR
SELF DETERMINATON SATELLITE STATE
GO TO THE POWERPOINT : COLD WAR MAP ACTIVITY
HERE YOU WILL FIND THE PLACECARDS FOR EACH COUNTRY TO COMPLETE THE ACTIVITY!!

10. Causes of the Cold War- Nuclear Threat
After the dropping of the Atom Bomb in Japan, nuclear weapons threatened the world
1949- Soviet Union develops and successfully detonates Atomic Bomb
Arms Race- U.S. and Soviet Union competed with each other to develop more powerful and expansive armories/ weapons

11. Action of the Cold War- Berlin Wall
During the night of August 13th, 1961, Soviet military constructed a wall dividing West and East Berlin.
Why?- Communist government of East Germany wanted to stop people from fleeing to Western Germany
Following the building of the wall, East Germany released some economic control and allowed economic growth.
People who were found trying to escape to West Berlin were arrested or killed by border guards.

14. Action of the Cold War- Cuban Missile Crisis
1959- Fidel Castro becomes dictator of Cuba
Through a revolution
In two years, Castro converted Cuba to a Communist Dictatorship and allied the nation with the Soviet Union.
Fall of U.S. satellites showed Soviet medium range nuclear missiles being placed on Cuban territory (90 miles from the Florida coast)
For 13 days the nations “stared war in the face”
President John F. Kennedy demanded the missiles be removed
Soviet leader Khruschev agreed if U.S. missiles be removed from Turkey and promise to not invade Cuba

16. End of the Cold War 1972- policy of détente established
French word meaning “relaxation of strained relations”
President Nixon and Soviet leader Brezhnev signed many agreements promising to work together on technology, sciences, and economically
1989- Berlin Wall is removed
President Reagan- “Tear down this wall!”
Overtime, tensions “cooled” as the nations worked together
Following the video, answer the following questions on the History of the Berlin Wall
What actions did East Germany take to control it’s people?
What actions do you believe would have been necessary to break down the Berlin Wall sooner?

17. Annotated Timeline- The Cold War
For each of the following events, illustrate a picture and write 2-3 sentences which describe the event.
Policy of Containment
Creation of Alliance
Nuclear Threats
Berlin Wall
Cuban Missile Crisis
On the back of your timeline, write a 4-5 sentence summary regarding which events you think are the most important in understanding the Cold War.
Your timeline must be neat, use correct information, and provide a summary that uses evidence!