1. Industrialization Spreads Chapter 9 Section 3

2. Industrialization spreads to the U.S.
U.S. had same resources that allowed Britain to industrialize:
Water Coal
Iron Ore Immigrant Workers

3. Textile Industry

4. Textile Industry first to industrialize
1790 first factory in the U.S. is opened in Rhode Island (made thread)

5. Lowell Factory 1813
Francis Lowell mechanized every step of cloth manufacturing
● Opened factory in
Massachusetts

6. Lowell Factory 1813 used young immigrant girls as labor
worked 12 hours a day 6 days a week

7. Later Industrialization in the U.S.
Inventions sped up the process
Industrial Revolution takes off after the Civil War 1865
Railroads: companies could ship and sell their goods in other parts of the country

8. Industrialization Reaches the Rest of Europe
Industrial Revolution was slow to hit rest of Europe
Napoleon’s wars halted trade, interrupted communications between countries, caused inflation (currency becomes less valuable)

9. Beginnings in Belgium

10. Beginnings in Belgium
first European nation to adopt Britain’s new technology
1799 William Cockerill (British carpenter) smuggled plans to build spinning jenny into Belgium (turns cotton/wool into thread)

11. John Cockerill William’s ● built son an industrial
enterprise in Belgium
made machinery, steam engines, and railway locomotives
British workers poured
into to Belgium

12. Germany Industrializes

13. Germany Industrializes
Germany was politically divided until late 1800’s
Industrialization was slowed:
political disunity
economic isolation
● scattered resources

14. Pockets of industrialization (1830’s on)
some German citizens sent their kids to
Great Britain to learn engineering
Germany began to
copy the British model
Germany built railroads
to link its growing cities
Germany’s economic strength
allowed it to become a
military and colonial superpower
in the late 1800’s-early 1900’s

15. Stop and Ponder!
“Life can only be understood backwards; but it must be lived forwards.”
Søren Aabye Kierkegaard

16. Expansion Throughout Europe
Spain processed cotton
Bohemia developed spinning industry’
Northern Italy mechanized textile production (making clothes)

17. France

18. France railroads created a national market for goods in France
industrial growth occurred after 1850
railroads created a national market for goods in France
French government built railroads

19. Other European nations
industrialization did not occur at this time (mid 1800’s)
mountainous terrain disallowed railroads to be built (Austria-Hungary)
lack of waterways for
transportation (Spain)

20. Worldwide Impact of Industrialization
spreads around
the world

21. Worldwide Impact of Industrialization
Industrial Revolution shifted balance of power away from Africa, Asia, Latin America and towards Europe

22. Rise of global inequality
Industrialization widened the gap between Europe and Africa/Asia/Latin America

23. Natural Resources
Europe colonized and stole natural resources/raw materials from its colonies in Africa/Asia/Latin America

24. Finished Products
Europe forced their colonies to buy the finished products made with their raw materials!

25. Britain led the way in colonization
America, Russia, Germany, France, Belgium, The Netherlands, Japan soon followed in taking colonies

26. Industrialism Leads to Imperialism
Imperialism= one country ruling over many other smaller countries

27. Imperialism in Asia by 1914

28. Imperialism in Africa by 1914

29. Imperialism in Africa 1914
By 1914 (start of World War I) Ethiopia is the only independent nation left in Africa!

30. African/Asian economies were still based in agriculture and small workshops
This was why Africa/Asia industrialized slower than EuropeA
Africa and Asia