1. Warm-up
What are the three parts to an introduction? List and explain each of them.
What are the three parts to a conclusion? List and explain each of them.

2. Parallel Structure

3. Parallel Structure
Words, phrases, and clauses should all be the same (parallel) when linked together in a list or connected with coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS).
Incorrect: Betty has intelligence, honesty, and she is funny.
Correct: Betty has intelligence, honesty, and humor.

4. 3 Rules of Parallel Structure…

5. Rule 1
Should be used when elements (words/phrases) are joined by coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS):
Incorrect: I am allergic to the dog’s hair and how it smells.
Correct: I am allergic to the dog’s hair and its smell.

6. Rule 2
Parallel Structure should be used when writing elements in the form of a list or a series:
Incorrect: The class valued respect, honesty, and being on time in a teacher.
Correct: The class valued respect, honesty, and promptness in a teacher.

7. Rule 3
Parallel Structure should be used when comparing or contrasting elements (“A is better than B” OR “X is less than Y”):
Incorrect: James enjoys reading more than to write.
Correct: James enjoys reading more than writing.

8. Practice Many gases are invisible, odorless, and they have no taste.
Mr. Foster is not only an excellent barber but also sings well.
Ellen likes hiking, the rodeo, and to take afternoon naps.
My best friend took me dancing and to a show.
Global warming affects humans, the environment, and is scary.

9. Essay Self-Edit Use your outlines to answer the following questions.
Do you have a hook? Is it interesting? Why/why not?
 Do you restate the prompt and write the author’s full name and title of the work in underlining or italics?
What is your thesis statement? Write it. Circle your two main subjects.
Do you have a clear topic sentence for each body paragraph? What are your main subjects in each?
 Do they have lead-ins that introduce both of your quotes? If not, which ones need them? Who is the speaker in each quote?
 Have you formatted your quote correctly? If not, which one (1-2) needs to be fixed and how?
 Do you have at least two sentences of commentary after each quote? Summarize the main points of both of your commentaries.
 Do you have a solid, clear concluding sentence for each body paragraph?
Do you restate your thesis in the beginning of the conclusion? Write it.
Do you restate your main points in your conclusion? What are they?
Do you have an interesting ending that leaves the reader thinking? What is it?