1. Ch. 1 Science and the Environment

2. Bellringer

3. Objectives
Define environmental science and compare environmental science with ecology.
List the five major fields of study that contribute to environmental science.
Describe the major environmental effects of hunter-gatherers, the agricultural revolution, and the Industrial Revolution.
Distinguish between renewable and nonrenewable resources.
Classify environmental problems into three major categories.

4. Environmental Science
The study of the impact of humans on the environment.
Why study ES?
To better understand and solve environmental problems
What are some environmental problems we are facing today?

5. Environmental Science
ES is made up of many different fields of study
Biology
Earth Science
Physics
Chemistry
Social Sciences

6. Ecology
The study of how living things interact with each other and with their nonliving environment.
Environmental Science vs. Ecology

7. Environment Through Time
Hunter-gatherers – people who obtain food by collecting plants and hunting wild animals
Environmental damage
Burnt fields to hunt
Mass kills
Possible extinction of some large mammals

8. Environment Through Time
Agricultural revolution – the switch from hunter- gathering to farming as a way to obtain food.
Good Effects
Population growth in small areas,
no more moving
Ready source of food, no more
gathering

9. Environment Through Time
Agricultural Revolution continued
Environmental Damage
Slash and burn
Poor soil
Floods
Loss of habitat
Extinctions

10. Environment Through Time
Industrial Revolution – the shift from human or animal power to fossil fuels for energy
Good effects
Increased the efficiency of agriculture, industry and transportation
Less expensive goods
Less land needed for farming
Improved sanitation, nutrition and medical care

11. Environment Through Time
Industrial Revolution continued
Environmental Harm
Pollution from fossil fuels
Overpopulation
Loss of habitat as cities grow
Etc.

12. Earth – A closed system Much like a spaceship
Only thing that enters is energy from the sun
Only thing that leaves is heat
Limited resources
No waste disposal

13. Population Growth
Industrial revolution allowed for a great growth in the population of the human race
Better sanitation
Better medicine
More food production

14. Population Growth
As populations grow, food production must increase, this has environmetal consequences
Habitat destruction
Pesticide pollution
Population counter
7/23/09 – 6,928,346,442

15. Major Environmental Problems
Resource Depletion
Pollution
Loss of Biodiversity

16. Resource Depletion When large amounts of a resource is used up
Natural resource – any natural material used by humans
Renewable – resource that can be replaces quickly
Water, air, soil, trees, etc.
Nonrenewable – a resource that forms much slower than it is used
Minerals, fossil fuels (oil, coal, natural gas)

17. Resource Depletion

18. Pollution
When waste is produced faster than it is disposed of it creates pollution
Pollution – an undesired change that adversely effects humans or other organisms.
Biodegradable pollutants – can be broken down by natural processes – sewage, food waste, etc.
Nondegrable pollutants – can’t be broken down by natural processes – lead, mercury, etc.

19. Loss of Biodiversity
Biodiversity – the number and variety of species in an area
Only a fraction of species are alive today, because of large scale or mass extinctions
Many mass extinctions have happened throughout history
Why is this a big deal?

20. Class Work In your Eco-log, complete the following
- Copy table 1, page 7, the first column in full and just the highlighted words in the second column
- Copy table 2, page 14, the entire table.

21. Section 2 - Objectives Describe “The Tragedy of the Commons”.
Explain the law of supply and demand.
List three differences between developed and developing countries.
Explain what sustainability is, and describe why it is a goal of environmental science.

22. “The Tragedy of the Commons”
“If I don’t use this resource someone else will. The little bit I use or pollute won’t matter.”
Proposed by Garrett Hardin in 1968
Someone has to take responsibility

23. “The Tragedy of the Commons”
Easter Island – 2,500 yrs ago

24. https://www. youtube. com/watch

25. Economic and the Environment
The Law of Supply and Demand states as the demand for a good or service increases, the value or the food or service also increases.
Ex: Oil Production

26. Economic and the Environment
Cost-benefit Analysis – balances the cost of the action against the benefits one expects from it.
Depends on who you are asking
Ex: Industrial water pollution
Industry says the cost to clean is much greater than the benefit of a clean stream
Community says a clean water supply far outweighs the cost of cleaning the pollution

27. Economic and the Environment
Developed Countries
Higher average income
Slower population growth
Diverse industries
Stronger social supports
U.S., Canada, Japan, and wester Europe
Use 75% of the worlds resources, but are only 20% of the population
Developing Countries
Lower average income
Agricultural based economies
Rapid population growth
China, India, Mexico, etc.

28. Table 3

29. Causes of Environmental Problems
1st – population growth is too quick for the environment to support
2nd – humans are using up, wasting, and wasting natural resources faster than they can be replaced or cleaned up

30. Ecological Footprint
The productive area of Earth needed to support one person
Calculation includes land for
Crops
Grazing
Forest products
Housing
Ocean area for seafood
Forest to absorb air pollution from fossil fuels

31.
/watch?v=nP1nzCqoT9g&fe ature=player_detailpage

32. https://www. youtube. com/watch

33. Sustainability
Sustainability is the condition in which human needs are met in such a way that a human population can survive indefinitely.
The ultimate goal!!

34. Class Work In your Eco-log, answer the following...
Be sure the write the questions and answer for full credit
All Critical Thinking questions must be in complete sentences.
Pg. 21 – Sect. 2 Review - questions 1,2,3,and 5.