1. The Cell

2. THE CELL THEORY 1. All living things are composed of cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of living things.
3. Cells are produced by other living cells.

3. unicellular Some living things are composed of one cell ….. Euglena
Paramecium
Amoeba

4. Some living things are made of many cells…..
multicellular

5. Prokaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells Only bacteria!!! Protist Fungi
ancient
modern
small
large
simple –
complex –
no nucleus
no organelles
has nucleus
has organelles
Only bacteria!!!
Protist
Fungi
Plant
Animal
Everything else!!!
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria

6. Prokaryotic cell or Eukaryotic cell

7. Prokaryotic cell or Eukaryotic cell

8. Prokaryotic cell or Eukaryotic cell

9. Prokaryotic cell or Eukaryotic cell

10. What are these?
algae

11. Prokaryotic cell or Eukaryotic cell

12. Prokaryotic cell or Eukaryotic cell
What are these?
Bacteria

13. What organism is this?
Paramecium

14. Prokaryotic cell or Eukaryotic cell

15. Instructions for making proteins
All cells have:
ribosome ?
cytoplasm ?
makes
protein
DNA ?
Cell
membrane ?
Contains the genetic information
controls what
enters and exits
and
Instructions for making proteins

16. Some cells have:
Cell wall
Protect
and support

17. Some cells have:
flagella ?
Function?
locomotion

18. Some cells have:
Cilia ?
Function?
Locomotion and feeding

19. The cell membrane forms a boundary that controls what substances enter and exit the cell.

20. The cell membrane also contains
proteins
carbohydrates
cholesterol

21. Passive Transport Active Transport
How do substances move into and out of cell?
Passive Transport
- - - no energy needed
Active Transport
- - - energy needed

22. Passive - - - high conc low conc
fat
fat
fat
That’s diffusion!
inside cell
fat
fat
fat
LOW
HIGH
fat
fat
outside cell
fat
fat
fat
fat
fat
fat
fat
fat
fat

23. Water - - - high conc low conc
H2O
H2O
H2O
That’s osmosis!
inside cell
H2O
H2O
H2O
LOW
HIGH
H2O
H2O
outside cell
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O

24. Active - - - low conc high conc
Requires energy
low conc
ATP
ATP
High conc

25. Active Transport
ATP
ATP
Endocytosis
ATP
Exocytosis

26. Conc solute inside = conc solute outside
Water moves in and out at the same rate
10 %
solute
10 %
solute

27. More water . . . outside More water . . . Water will The cell
10 %
solute
Water will
move into
the cell
The cell
will swell.
25 %
solute
Less
water
more water

28. More water . . . inside More water . . . Water will The cell
25 %
solute
Water will
move out of the cell
The cell
will shrivel.
5 %
solute
more
water
less water

29. What process does this picture illustrate?
Diffusion

30. What process does this picture illustrate?
PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
DIFFUSION

31. What process does this picture illustrate?
Endocytosis

32. What process does this picture illustrate?
Exocytosis

33. What is this process called?
High
Active transport
Low conc
High conc

34. Diffusion or Passive Transport
What process does this picture illustrate?
Diffusion or
Passive Transport

35. What process does this picture illustrate?
NUCLEUS
OSMOSIS

36. What process does this picture illustrate?
Active Transport

37. What process does this picture illustrate?
Active Transport

38. Organelles do the work of cells.
Each organelle has a specific job.

39. contains DNA
(chromosomes)
nucleus
nucleolus

40. makes proteins
Ribosomes
Rough ER
makes proteins
makes enzymes

41. Rough ER Smooth ER makes enzymes makes proteins
makes oils, fats, cholesterol
makes lipids
breaks down toxins
like alcohol

42. Lysosomes
contains enzymes
Lysol- destroys bacteria
breaks down stuff
garbage disposal

43. Mitochondria Mighty mitochondria makes energy …ATP Glucose ATP
site of cellular respiration
site of …

44. modifies, packages and delivers
Golgi Apparatus
Post Office of the cell
modifies, packages and delivers
proteins and lipids

45. Structures found only in plants cells:
Cell wall
Central vacuole
Chloroplast

46. Structures found only in plants cells:
Cell wall
support
&
protection

47. Structures found only in plants cells:
Central vacuole
stores water

48. Site of photosynthesis
Structures found only in plants cells:
Chloroplast
absorb sunlight
makes glucose
Site of photosynthesis
Site of . . .

49. REVIEW
ORGANELLES

50. What is this structure?
The cell membrane

51. NUCLEUS Organelle that contains the genetic info and
instructions for making proteins
NUCLEUS

52. A structure that encloses the cell and regulates what substances enter
A structure that encloses the cell and regulates what substances enter and exit the cell.
cell membrane

53. Large organelle that makes proteins
Rough ER

54. Organelle that contains chlorophyll.
Chloroplast

55. Organelle that makes lipids.
Smooth ER

56. The semifluid substance inside cells that contain the organelles and
dissolved substances .
cytoplasm

57. It is the packaging and distribution center of the cell.
Golgi apparatus

58. A very large sac found in plant cells that stores water.
Central vacuole
Central vacuole

59. Organelle that modifies, packages, and delivers protein and lipids.
Golgi apparatus

60. Small sacs that store and transport substances within the cell.
Vesicles
Vesicles

61. Small sacs that contain enzymes.
Lysosomes
Lysosomes

62. A rigid structure surrounding the cell
that provides support and protection
Cell wall

63. Organelle that makes fats and cholesterol.
Smooth ER

64. Organelle that makes energy - - ATP.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria

65. Chloroplast Organelle found only in the cells of plants and algae.

66. A green pigment that absorbs light energy.
Chlorophyll
Makes leaves
GREEN!

67. Organelle that breaks down toxic substances.
Smooth ER

68. Site of photosynthesis
Chloroplast

69. Provides temporary storage of food or wastes.
Vesicles
Vesicles

70. Digests food, old organelles, and bacteria.
Lysosomes
Lysosomes

71. Mitochondria Organelle that breaks down glucose for energy.

72. What structures are found only in plant cells?
Central
vacuole
Cell wall
Chloroplast

73. Liver cells make cholesterol.
Liver cells have large amounts of __________
smooth ER.
cholesterol

74. Brain cells and muscle cells
require a lot of energy.
mitochondria
They have a large amounts of ______________

75. Pancreatic cells make digestive enzymes and export them to the small intestine.
Pancreatic cells have a large number of __________.
rough ER