1. Air Movement -1.3

2. Section Goals
I will explain why different latitudes on Earth receive different amounts of solar energy.
I will describe the coriolis effect.
I will locate the doldrums, trade winds, prevailing westerlies, polar easterlies, and the jet stream.

3. Vocab Words
Coriolis Effect
Jet Stream
Sea Breeze
Land Breeze

4. What do you think? What causes wind?
Where does the most amount of wind occur?
Does it snow on the equator?
Does water really spin the opposite direction in the Southern Hemisphere?
What is the highest wind gust ever recorded?

5. Wind—forms when air in an area of high pressure moves to an area of lower pressure
A "high" is an area where the air's pressure is higher than the pressure of the surrounding air.
A "low' is where the air pressure is lower. Meteorologists don't have any particular number that divides high from low pressure.

6. The Earth can be a windy place at times
The Earth can be a windy place at times. But probably no spot is windier than the top of Mount Washington, N.H., which holds the record for the highest wind gust ever recorded: 231 mph on April 12, 1934.
Dandan the weatherman

7. 1. Different areas of Earth receive different amounts of the Sun's radiation.

8. Fun Fact
The Earth is actually closer to the sun in winter than it is in summer.
Earth reaches perihelion on January 3, The Earth-Sun distance will be 147,093,602 km. Aphelion, the greatest distance from the Sun, occurs on July 7, 2009, when the Earth-Sun distance will be 152,097,053 km.

9. The sun at noon everyday for one year

10. This view shows Earth at perihelion on 3 January 2007, when our planet is at its closest approach to the Sun.

11. The Equator
The equator's warm air, being less dense, is pushed upward by
denser, colder air.
b. The pole's cold air, being more dense, sinks and moves along Earth's surface

12. Equator Facts People weigh less on the equator (.05%)
Mount Kenya is on the Equator, but its peak, 5,199m (17,058ft) above sea level,
is always covered in snow.
Water spins in opposite directions on different sides of the equator
Antipodes Map

13. Equator Pictures

14. 2. The Coriolis effect—rotation of the Earth causes moving air and water to change direction to the right north of the equator and left south of the equator

15. Global winds—wind patterns, caused by convection currents combined with the Coriolis effect, of Earth that affect the world's weather

16. Near the equator, very little wind and daily rain patterns called the doldrums.
Found at 5° north - 5° south.
The sun heats the air, causing it to rise, creating low pressure and little wind. The rising air cools, causing rain.

17. Surface winds
a. Between the equator and 30° latitude (north and south) are steady trade winds
- Named after early sailors

18. b. Between 30° and 60° latitude (north and south) the prevailing westerlies blow in the opposite direction from the trade winds
Responsible for much of the North American Weather Pattern

19. Polar easterlies blow from northeast to southwest near the north pole and from southeast to northwest near the south pole

20. Upper troposphere—narrow belts of strong winds called jet streams
a. Jet stream moves faster in the winter.
b. Helps storms develop and move across the country

21. C. Local wind systems—affect local weather
Sea breezes—a convection current blows wind from the cooler sea toward warmer land during the day
Land breezes—at night, air moves toward the water as the land cools more rapidly than the water

22. Sea or Land Breeze