1. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Visual Design Elements
Six integral components used in the creation of a design:
Line
Color
Form/Shape
Space
Texture
Value
You can make the analogy that the elements are like baking/cooking ingredients.
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2. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Line
Types
Vertical- Represents dignity, formality, stability and strength.
Horizontal- Represents calm, peace and relaxation.
Diagonal- Represents action, activity, excitement and movement.
Curved- Represents freedom, the natural, having the appearance of softness and creates a soothing feeling or mood.
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3. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Vertical Lines
Niagara Mohawk building in Syracuse, New York is an excellent example of the architectural style know as Art Deco. It was designed by the Buffalo architectural firm of Bley & Lyman and the Syracuse architect Melvin L. King in 1932.
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4. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Horizontal Lines
This is a very famous Frank Lloyd Wright design know as “Running Water” located south of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania.
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5. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Diagonal Lines
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6. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Curved Lines
Flowing, curved lines in the artist’s watercolor, curved lines in the graphic design and the puzzle cube package,
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7. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Color
Color has an immediate
and profound effect on a design.
Types
Warm Colors
Reds, oranges, yellows
Cool Colors
Blues, purples, greens
Colors can affect how humans feel and act.
Landscape designers use color to add variety and interest to their designs.
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8. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Color
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9. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Form and Shape
The shape, outline, or configuration of anything.
Examples
Squares
Circles
Ellipses
Ovals
Rectangles
Triangles
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10. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Form and Shape
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11. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Space
By incorporating the use of space
in your design, you can enlarge or reduce the visual space.
Types
Open, uncluttered spaces
Cramped, busy
Unused vs. good use of space
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12. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Texture
The surface look or feel of something.
Types
Smooth surface
Reflects more light and, therefore, is a more intense color.
Rough surface
Absorbs more light and, therefore, appears darker.
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13. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Smooth Texture
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14. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Rough Texture
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15. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Value
The relative lightness or darkness of a color.
Methods
Shade
Degree of darkness of a color
Tint
A pale or faint variation of a color
Add black to get a shade. Add white to get a tint.
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16. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Value
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17. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Visual Design Principles
There are five principles that encompass an interesting design.
Balance
Rhythm
Emphasis
Proportion and scale
Unity
There are many different lists of design principles used by various occupational areas. You can make the analogy that the principles of design are like how you combine and utilize baking ingredients. Do you blend, whip or fold, do you fry, bake or broil, slow roast or microwave? How much flour, salt, spice or baking powder do you use?
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18. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Balance
Parts of the design are equally distributed to create a sense of stability.
There can be physical as well as visual balance.
Types
Symmetrical or Formal Balance
Asymmetrical or Informal Balance
Radial Balance
Vertical Balance
Horizontal Balance
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19. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Balance Symmetrical or Formal Balance The elements within the design are identical in relation to a centerline or axis.
PLTW
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IED POE
DE CIM
EDD
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20. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Balance
Asymmetrical or Informal Balance
Parts of the design are not identical but are equal in visual weight.
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21. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Balance Radial Balance
Design Elements radiate outward from the center.
Circular patterns.
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22. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Balance Vertical Balance
The top and bottom parts are equal.
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23. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Balance Horizontal Balance
The parts on
left and right
are equal.
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24. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Rhythm
Repeated use of line, shape, color, texture or pattern.
Types
Regular rhythm
Graduated rhythm
Random rhythm
Gradated rhythm
This principle is sometimes referred to as repetition.
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25. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Rhythm Regular Rhythm A element is repeated at the same repetition/interval each time.
Decorative grid on table, stripes on awning, lights that illuminate awning, repetitive tile pattern all represent regular rhythm.
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26. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Rhythm Graduated Rhythm The beats of the element
become closer
or further apart as they move.
The windows and door openings in this artist’s rendering represent graduated rhythm. The blue circles lead the viewer’s eye around the page at a varying rate.
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27. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Rhythm Random Rhythm The beats of the element are random
or are at irregular intervals.
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28. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Rhythm Gradated Rhythm The repeated element is identical with the exception of one detail increasing or decreasing gradually with each repetition.
The shelves get smaller and smaller.
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29. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Emphasis
Points of attention in a design.
The feature in a design that attracts one’s eye.
The focal point.
Emphasis can be achieved through size, placement, color and use of lines.
The most personal aspect of a design.
What draws you’re your attention in the two images? Why? Is it size, placement, color or use of another element?
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30. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Proportion
Comparative relationships between elements in a design with respect to size.
3:5 ratio is known as the Golden Mean.
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31. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Scale
Scale
The proportions or size of one part of the image in relationship to the other.
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32. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Unity
Unity is applying consistent use of lines, color, and texture within a design.
To be harmonious.
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33. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis
Unity
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