1. US-U5-L4

2. SSUSH13a-d
a. Explain Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle and federal oversight of the meatpacking industry.
b. Identify Jane Addams and Hull House and describe the role of women in reform movements.
c. Describe the rise of Jim Crow, Plessy v. Ferguson, and the emergence of the NAACP.
d. Explain Ida Tarbell’s role as a muckraker.

3.
The Jungle
The Jungle is a novel written by Upton Sinclair in 1906 about the dangers of the meatpacking industry through an immigrant family’s fictional story.
Sinclair’s intention was not to expose the meatpacking industry, but to expose the poverty, lack of social programs, corruption of those in power and poor working conditions.

4. Impact of The Jungle
The meatpacking industry’s unsanitary conditions were exposed and Congress was forced to pass laws to regulate the meatpacking industry so that food was safe to consume.
Federal Laws
Meat Inspection Act was passed
Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906
From those two programs came the Food and Drug Administration in 1930 that is still in effect today.

5. Hull House
Jane Addams brought the idea of settlement houses to the US from Britain.
The Hull House was located in Chicago and was established to teach recently immigrated peoples to cook, clean, administer basic first aid, speak the English language, and know their legal rights, etc.
This brought about other social service work where women played key roles.

6. Women and Reform Movements
Women were major contributors to many reform movements including:
Child labor
Women’s suffrage (right to vote)
Education
Prohibition/temperance

7. Jim Crow Jim Crow Laws-named after a fictional character in a song
Jim Crow
Jim Crow Laws-named after a fictional character in a song
Called for the grandfather clause, poll taxes, residency requirements, and literacy tests for voting rights for African Americans, Mexican Americans and some whites until about 1910.
The grandfather clause in this instance refers to if a person’s grandfather could vote before the Civil War then the person trying to vote would be allowed to vote as well, if not they were not “grandfathered in”.

8. Plessy v. Ferguson
Homer Plessy was a free person that was 7/8th white and 1/8th black. He tried to board a whites only railroad car in Louisiana, but according to state law he was black, therefore this action was illegal.
He refused to move to the colored car and was subsequently arrested.
The case went all the way to the Supreme Court.
The phrase that is attached to this ruling is “Separate but Equal” and it applied to most areas of society, i.e. schools, restaurants, water fountains, etc.

9. NAACP
A group that formed in response to the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling was National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), by about 60 people including W.E.B. DuBois.
The NAACP wanted full civil rights for African Americans (equal pay, total voting rights without prejudice, etc.)
This group is still around today and will still support civil rights cases.

10. Ida Tarbell
Ida Tarbell wrote articles for a magazine exposing big business corruption of the Standard Oil Company as well as political corruption in New York and Chicago.
Her findings helped to cause the government to interfere and break up the Standard Oil Company.
Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair are both muckrakers because they stir up drama that later causes political or social change.

11. Closing What was the impact of The Jungle?
What were 3 reform movements that women played a prominent role in?
What was Homer Plessy chosen to represent the African Americans on a white railcar?
What was the name that was given to journalists like Upton Sinclair and Ida Tarbell?