Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
DIET FOR CANCER PREVENTION
TOTAL HEALTH PROMOTION INTERVENTION PROGRAM (PHASE IV)
2
WHAT IS CANCER? Single abnormal cell multiply out of control
form tumors invade healthy tissue spreading to other parts of body
3
When normal cells are damaged beyond
repair, they are eliminated by apoptosis (A). Cancer cells avoid apoptosis and continue to multiply in an unregulated manner (B).
5
CAUSES OF CANCER Lifestyle Food Air pollution Irradiation
Toxic chemicals genetic
6
Endometrial cancer (6%)
Male female Most common Cause of death Prostate cancer (33%) lung cancer (31%) Breast cancer (32%) lung cancer (27%) lung cancer (13%) Prostate cancer (10%) lung cancer (12%) Breast cancer (15%) Colorectal cancer (10%) Colorectal cancer (11%) Bladder cancer (7%) Pancreatic cancer (5%) Endometrial cancer (6%) Ovarian cancer (6%)
7
CAUSES OF CANCER 80% of all cancers are due to identified factors potentially preventable 30% are due to tobacco use 35-50% of cancers directly linked to dietary choices It is easy to control these and other risk factors
9
Cancer symptoms 1. Local symptoms: unusual lumps or swelling (tumor), hemorrhage (bleeding), pain 2. Symptoms of metastasis (spreading): enlarged lymph nodes, cough, enlarged liver, bone pain, fracture of affected bones and neurological symptoms. 3. Systemic symptoms: weight loss, poor appetite & wasting, excessive sweating (night sweats), anemia and specific paraneoplastic phenomena
10
CAN CERTAIN FOODS PREVENT CANCER?
LUNG CANCER Smoking is mostly responsible Carotenoids in vegetables and fruits are clinically proven protective against lung cancer
11
CAN CERTAIN FOODS PREVENT CANCER?
Vegetables-soy in particular – may decreased the risk High fat diet may increased the risk Lycopene – a potent antioxidant may help lower the risk PROSTATE CANCER
12
high level of estrogen during woman’s reproductive life increased the risk of breast cancer
Diets high in mono-unsaturated fat and high in fibers may reduced the risk Alcohol consumption increases the risk BREAST CANCER
13
BOWEL CANCER Up to 70% of cases can be prevented by healthy lifestyle
Physical activity and diet high in vegetables and fiber are protective against this cancer High red meat intake and alcohol may increase the risk BOWEL CANCER
14
Take a break !!
15
GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR AN ANTI-CANCER DIET
1. Reduced unhealthy dietary fat 2. Cut down on meat 3. Eat plenty of fiber 4. Limit or eliminate consumption of alcoholic beverages 5. Remove known carcinogens from diet 6. Restrict sodium intake
16
1. REDUCE UNHEALTHY DIETARY FAT
Fat cell can split easily contribute to high population of free radicals Free radicals damage the cell’s DNA structure mutation can occur lead to formation and growth of cancerous cell Saturated fat and trans fat are two most damaging fats Primary source of saturated fat is animal products = meat, seafood, whole-fat milk & milk product, eggs Trans fat (hydrogenated oils) come from heating vegetables oils (mainly in commercial prepared baked goods, margarines and processed foods)
18
2. CUT DOWN ON MEAT High level of fat consumption is related with highest death rates from breast and colon cancer Limit consumption of meat esp. high fat meat (2-3 servings a day) Choose white meat (fish and chicken) instead of red meat Prepare meat by baking, broiling or poaching rather than frying or charbroiling
19
3. EAT PLENTY OF FIBER Fiber moves cancer-causing compounds out of the body Also thought to dilute potential carcinogens and effect hormone production Recommended grams fiber per day Fiber only found in plant sources Eat at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables each day Vegetables contains cancer fighting substances = antioxidant
20
ANTIOXIDANT DEFENCES Unstable oxygen molecules called free radicals attack cell membranes damage the DNA beginning of cancer Antioxidants can neutralize the damaging effect of oxygen Vitamin B,C, E, beta-carotene and selenium acts as antioxidant Vegetables, fruits, grains and beans contain antioxidant
21
4. LIMIT OR ELIMINATE CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
Higher risk of liver, breast, rectum, mouth, esophagus, digestive tract and lung cancer Combination of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking has a synergistic effect more likely to cause cancer
22
FOOD PYRAMID Consume LITTLE Consume in MODERATION (1-2 Servings)
FOOD PYRAMID Consume LITTLE Consume in MODERATION (1-2 Servings) Consume in MODERATION (1-2 Servings) Consume More (3-5 servings) Consume MOST (8-12 servings)
23
Consume LITTLE Eat to meet your needs! HEALTHY TIP Fats and oils contain essential fatty acids and vitamins A, D, E, K.
24
Consume in MODERATION (1-2 servings)
One Serving Equals … 1 glass of milk 1 cup yoghurt 1 slice cheese HEALTHY TIP Milk is an important part of a child's diet
25
Consume in MODERATION (2-3 servings)
One Serving Equals … 1 medium-sized chicken drumstick 1 medium-sized ikan kembong 2 matchbox-sized lean meat 5 dessert spoon headless ikan bilis Note: One (1) matchbox lean meat = 1 piece tempeh = 1 hard tauhu = 2 dsp peanut butter = ½ cup dried legumes/beans = 4 dsp shelled small prawns HEALTHY TIP Combining a variety of legumes gives you high quality protein.
26
Consume More (3-5 servings)
One Serving Equals … ½ medium-sized guava 1 small to medium whole orange, pear or apple 1 medium-sized banana 1 slice papaya, pineapple, watermelon HEALTHY TIP Take fruits as desserts to end each meal in a healthier way. One Serving Equals … ½ cup cooked dark green leafy vegetables with edible stems ½ cup cooked fruit or root vegetables HEALTHY TIP Don’t destroy the vitamins in your vegetables with over-cooking.
27
Consume MOST (8-12 servings)
One Serving Equals … 1 slice of wholemeal bread ½ cup cooked rice ½ cup soaked bihun, mee or pasta ½ side-plate-sized capati 1 cup plain rice porridge ½ cup ready-to-eat breakfast cereal 1 medium-sized potato 3 plain biscuits HEALTHY TIP Choose wholegrain cereal and cereal products to help meet your fibre needs.
28
Take a break !!
29
Activity 1: 1.Regarding to the Food Pyramid, make a menu for breakfast, lunch, tea, dinner
30
5. REMOVE KNOWN CARCINOGENS FROM DIET
DID YOU KNOW WHAT IS CARCINOGEN?
31
CARCINOGENS Cancer causing substances found in food and in method of cooking. Attact DNA and alter it It takes years for a noticeable tumor to develop During this time, compound known as inhibitors can keep the cells from growing Some vitamins in plant foods are known to be inhibitors.
32
Avoid foods that look or smell moldy Buy organic if possible
Steer clear of smoked foods Do not cook oils on high heat TIPS FOR AVOIDING CARCINOGENS Beware of cured, dried and preserved meats Go easy on the barbecue
33
SPECIFIC FOODS HAVE THE MOST PREVENTATIVE EFFECT FOR CANCER
BEANS rich in fiber Contain several chemicals that boost immunity to cancer CRUCIFEROUS VEGE (cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower) ability to stop the growth of cancer cells Decreased risk for lung, stomach and colorectal cancers DARK GREEN LEAFY VEGE High in fiber, folate and antioxidants Carotenoids effective in inhibiting the formation of breast and skin cancer tumors GRAPES high level of polyphenol Slow the growth of cancer cells Inhibit the formation of tumors in lymph, liver, stomach and breast cancer
34
kale collard broccoli CRUCIFEROUS VEGE cauliflower Bok choy arugala watercress
35
SPECIFIC FOODS HAVE THE MOST PREVENTATIVE EFFECT FOR CANCER
GARLIC Natural antibiotic and immune system enhancer Free radical attacker Increases the enzymes that break down carcinogens in the body Slowing or stopping the growth of tumors GREEN TEA Best source of catechins Inhibit specific enzyme that lead to cancer Repair cellular damage by free radicals Inhibit or block cancer development TURMERIC Has an active ingredient called curcumin Shown resistance to colon, breast, liver, oral, skin and stomach tumors
36
SPECIFIC FOODS HAVE THE MOST PREVENTATIVE EFFECT FOR CANCER
SOY FOOD Contains phytoestogens Weaker form of estrogen Reducing the probability of developing cancer Protect against breast cancer Low the risk of prostate cancer TOMATOES Contain phytochemical lycopene Lower risk of cancer (prostate, stomach, lung) Highest anti-cancer potential when taken in a processed form (tomato sauce, paste and juice) because of easier absorption YOGURT Reduced risks of breast and colon cancer
37
MOST POTENT NUTRIENTS IN FIGHT AGAINST CANCER
FOOD SOURCE Vitamin A Fish liver oils, liver Beta carotene Orange, yellow and dark green leafy vegetables Vitamin B2 Whole and enriched cereals and breads, lean meat, milk, eggs, liver Vitamin B6 As for vit.B2 and bananas Folic acid Leafy green vegetables, meats Pantothenic acid Legumes, salmon, whole grains Vitamin C Citrus fruits, berries, broccoli, bell peppers Vitamin E Leafy green vegetables, egg yolk, liver
38
MOST POTENT NUTRIENTS IN FIGHT AGAINST CANCER
FOOD SOURCE Selenium Garlic, legumes, fish Iron Liver, peas, egg yolk Zinc Liver, oysters, soybeans, sunflower seeds Magnesium Green leafy vegetables, nuts, seafood Manganese Bananas, pineapple, nuts, bran Protein Lean meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, eggs, legumes Antioxidants Citrus fruits, legumes, whole grain Phytonutrients All plant sources of food, especially dark and bright colored fruits and vegetables
39
Take a break !!
40
CANCER PROTECTIVE DIETS
CONCLUSION High in fiber Rich in complex carbohydrates, vitamin and minerals CANCER PROTECTIVE DIETS ARE BUILT FROM PLANT- BASED FOODS: Rich in cancer fighting phytochemical Naturally low in fat, salt and cholesterol-free
41
CONCLUSION Build your diet from a variety of fruits, vegetables, grains and legumes Choose minimally-processed foods STEPS YOU CAN TAKE TO MAXIMIZE THE CANCER FIGHTING POWER OF YOUR DIET Select foods low in fat and salt Include daily servings of bright-colored fruits and vegetables and dark green leafy vegetables Reduced foods from animal sources
42
CONCLUSION Completely avoid using tobacco in any form
Maintain a healthy weight IMPORTANT STEPS TO KEEP YOUR BODY STRONG AND HEALTHY Incorporate physical activity into your daily routine Avoid drinking alcoholic beverages
43
ACTIVITY 2: Record your typical one day intake from wake up in the morning to before going to bed at night Then list out the food that contain preventative effect for cancer Please be honest!
44
ACTIVITY 3: Do we need supplements pills in our diet to prevent cancer? Give the reason (to support your answer)
45
THANK YOU
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com Inc.
All rights reserved.