1. Ancient India & China

2. The Mauryan Empire (322-185 BCE)
Founded by in 322 BCE by Chandragupta Maurya
Filling the void left by Alexander the Great
Largest empire ever on the subcontinent
Extensive trade routes to the Middle East

3. The Emperor Asoka Grandson of Chandragupta Maurya
Originally a great military leader
Conversion to Buddhism
Asoka's roads and “rest stops”
BEST KNOWN FOR religious tolerance

4. The Gupta Empire, The “Golden Age” (320-550 CE)
Founded by Chandra Gupta
Peace and prosperity
Golden Age
Last Hindu rule until 1947

5. No not that kind of Golden Age….
This kind!

6. Civilization in Southeast China

7. Early Chinese Dynasty near the frontier Yellow River
Shang Dynasty - traditional date: 1500 B.C.
invaders
FIRST DYNASTY
What is a dynasty?
Culture eventually absorbed by Zhou Dynasty

8. Determine what these indicate about a dynasty?
Brings peace
Floods, Earthquakes, etc.
Taxes people too much
Stops protecting people
(re)builds infrastructure
Peasant revolt
Lets Infrastructure decay
Treats people unfairly
Bandits raid countryside
Protects people
Invaders attack empire
Gives land to peasants

10. China’s Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE)
Zhou Dynasty-1027 to 256 BC
The Mandate of Heaven
The Dynastic Cycle
Regional
Longest Chinese dynasty
Non centralized power-control through feudalism
Decline of power into the Warring States Period

11. The Warring States Period
Confucianism- relationships
The Analects (collection of the teachings of Confucius)
The patriarchal family
Daoism – Natural “way”
Laozi – Chinese thinker in 6th century focused on nature
The “way”-universal force that governs everything
Legalism- laws with punishments and rewards
Li Si and Hanfeizi (founders)

13. China’s Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE)
The Qin unite China and end the Warring States Period
Legalism becomes the dynasty’s law
The construction of the “Great Wall” to discourage attacks by northern invaders

14. Han Dynasty Confucianism-provided a basis for behavior in society
The Examination System for civil service jobs based upon knowledge of Confucianism
Anyone can take
reality few peasants can afford to educate sons
Read Confucianism, the Road to Success p. 203

16. Dynasty
Philosophical Beliefs
Shang
N/A
Zhou
Qin
Legalism
Han
Confucianism (Legalism)
Daoism

17. Development of Hinduism
Mixture of Aryan and Dravidian influence
Polytheistic
Karma-a person’s good and bad deeds
Reincarnation to ultimate nirvana
The Vedas (sacred literature) and the Upanishads (written interpretations and explanations of the Vedic hymns
The most important Gods
Brahma- creator
Shiva- destroyer
Vishnu- protector

18. Development of Buddhism
Siddhartha Gautama
Wealthy prince
Journey (enlightenment)
The Four Noble Truths
Eliminate desire and suffering
Follow the Eightfold Path to Enlightenment
Nirvana
An attempt to improve Hinduism
Because of strong presence of Hinduism in South Asia, Buddhism was not a major force there, but it became a major force in China.

19. Trade and Barriers to Trade
India – protected to the north by the Himalayas
Silk Roads – utilized throughout central asia.
For example, it connected the HAN Dynasty to Rome
Indian Ocean Trade
Eventually utilized once Arab merchants improve their ships to be ocean going.