1. Scientific Method Foldable

2. Steps to methods- Can really occur in any order
State the problem
Gather info
Form hypothesis
Test hypothesis
Analyze data
Draw conclusions
-- Hypothesis supported? Go back to
Test Hypothesis and repeat
--Hypothesis NOT supported? Go back and modify Hypothesis

3. Procedure for foldable – Layered Look Book
Step 1
You will need 4 differently colored pieces of paper
Stagger them leaving about 2 cm tab exposed
Fold over so that you now have 8 staggered tabs or flaps
(see page xxxii in textbook
To keep the book together-
Long the top folded edge and about 3 cm in
on each side cut two little notches about 5 mm long
Open up the booklet and fold the cut notches inside
Reclose the booklet and press on the folded notches

4. Step 2 On top flap write - SCIENTIFIC METHOD
Label each of the other flaps as follows:
State the Problem
RESEARCH
Form a hypothesis
Experiment
Analyze DATA
Draw CONCLUSIONS
Reflect on hypothesis

5. Step 3 – 1) State the Problem- needs to be a testable, specific question
Why …..?
How does…..?
What is the effect of ___________ on _________?
Examples:
Why don’t the instruments on the missile work correctly?
How do the materials on the control panels react to heat?

6. Step 4 – 2) Research
Use reliable sources, such as professional research journals, books pamphlets
Talk with experts
This background information helps refine the question and form a hypothesis

7. Step 5 – 3) form a HYPOTHESIS
A hypothesis suggests a possible, reasonable answer for the question or problem.
Focus of the experiment
What is being measured
Conditions
Expected results .
Reformat as an “If...then… “ statement.
“If the thickness of the tile determines the effect of heat, then a one centimeter thick tile will not allow for a temperature change.”
Some call it an ”EDUCATED GUESS”
DO NOT USE THAT TERM IN MY CLASSROOM

8. Step 6 – 4) Experiment
The hypothesis can be tested by making observations and collecting data
I could set up different tile thicknesses and measure how much time it takes for each thickness to heat up….
Experiments test the effect of one variable on the other.
Needs controls
What equipment do I need?
Can it be replicated?
Be a good OBSERVER!
Notebook for collection of DATA

9. TYPES OF VARIABLES
A variable is a quantity that may have more than a single value. Variables vary!
(chart to be glued in)
DEPENDENT (Y axis)
This is the one that responds!
CHANGES ACCORDING TO CHANGES OF THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE. “Dependent depends on the independent.”
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE (X axis)
This is the one the experimenter manipulates!
CHANGED TO TEST THE EFFECT ON THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE
CONSTANT
FACTORS THAT DO NOT CHANGE WHEN OTHER VARIABLES CHANGE
CONTROL
STANDARD BY WHICH THE TEST RESULTS CAN BE COMPARED – nothing is done to this part

10. Step 7 – 5) Analyze Data
Charts and tables are used to organize the experimental data.
Graphs are made from the data charts. Graphs show the dependent variable on the Y axis, and the independent variable on the Y axis.
What happened?
What did I do that had the greatest effect? Least effect? No effect?
Errors noted
Tentative conclusions

11. Step 8 – 6) Draw Conclusions
What did I find out? Be brief
Did the results confirm or deny my predictions?
What changes could have been made?
Any questions still unanswered?
Is the original Hypothesis supported by the experimental findings and data?
Does the experiment ALWAYS get the same results?

12. Step 9 – 7) Reflect on HYPOTHSIS
Sometimes, hypotheses need to be revised and a new procedure developed and tested

13. Summary:

14. Now – go back and add some art work!