2. Introduction to Hunger
What factors motivate eating? What causes us to feel hungry?
Physical reasons

3. Introduction to Hunger
What factors motivate eating? What causes us to feel hungry?
Psychological reasons

4. Introduction to Hunger
What factors motivate eating? What causes us to feel hungry?
Social reasons

5. Introduction to Hunger
What factors motivate eating? What causes us to feel hungry?
Cultural & situational
reasons

6. The Physiology of Hunger
Empty stomach/stomach pangs
Washburn study
Stomach pangs contribute to hunger but don’t tell the whole story

7. Body Chemistry & the Brain
L = Let’s Eat!!
Blood glucose level
Hypothalamus
Lateral hypothalamus
Ghrelin – hunger triggering hormone
Vetromedial hypothalamus
V = Volume met

8. The Physiology of Hunger
There is an interaction between hormones and one’s metabolism.

9. The Physiology of Hunger
There is an interaction between hormones and one’s metabolism.
Metabolism: rate of energy expenditure
Basal Metabolic Rate: the body’s resting rate of energy expenditure.

11. The Physiology of Hunger
Set point
The point at which an individual’s “weight thermostat” is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight.

12. The Psychology of Hunger
What cultural and situational factors influence hunger?

13. The Psychology of Hunger
Feeling stressed out?
Carbohydrates boost serotonin levels, which has a calming effect.

14. The Psychology of Hunger
Taste preferences
Sweet and salty are genetic, but conditioning can alter preference.
Delicacies in one culture can be repulsive in others.
You have heard of “acquired taste”

15. The Psychology of Hunger
Taste preferences
Neophobia: dislike of things unfamiliar
Adaptive taste preferences
Hot climates where foods spoil include spices that inhibit bacteria growth
Milk producing areas have people with higher lactose tolerance

16. The Psychology of Hunger

17. The Psychology of Hunger
Situational eating:
Do you eat more when eating with others?

18. The Psychology of Hunger
Situational eating:
Do you buy more when you shop while you are hungry?

19. The Psychology of Hunger
Situational eating:
Unit bias

20. The Psychology of Hunger
Unit bias

21. The Psychology of Hunger
Unit bias

22. The Psychology of Hunger
Unit bias

23. The Psychology of Hunger
Unit bias

24. The Psychology of Hunger
Situational eating:
Food variety

25. Obesity and Weight Control

26. Obesity and Weight Control
Obesity can be toxic, affecting how you feel and how you are treated.

27. Obesity and Weight Control
The Physiology of Obesity
Bodies store fat for good reason
Increased risk of diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, gall stones, arthritis, certain types of cancer.

28. Obesity and Weight Control
Set point and metabolism
Once you become fat, it takes less food to maintain weight than to get there.
Fat has a lower metabolic rate than muscle
Lean people seem naturally predisposed to move around more.

29. Obesity and Weight Control
The genetic factor
The food and activity factors
Sleep loss
Social influence
Changing cultural norms

30. Obesity and Weight Control

31. Obesity and Weight Control
The genetic factor
The food and activity factors
Sleep loss
Social influence
Changing cultural norms
Changing food consumption and lower activity levels are cause of increased obesity.

32. Assignment
Create a graph that shows your present approximate weight and what your weight will be per year if you gain ½ a pound a year AND 1 pound a year up to your 10th & 20th high school reunion.