1. SECTION 12 RECONSTRUCTION VOCAB
Presidential Reconstruction
Radical Republican Reconstruction
Land redistribution
Morehouse College
Freedmen’s Bureau
Reconstruction Amendments: 13, 14, 15
Black Codes
Klu Klux Klan
Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
Election of 1876
Compromise of 1877

3. PRESIDENTIAL RECONSTRUCTION
Purpose was to rapidly readmit ex-Confederate states into the union
Started by Lincoln and carried out by Andrew Johnson
No revenge on former Confederate supporters
Johnson pardoned ex-Confederate Officers and government officials
Johnson reversed Sherman’s compensation for blacks

4. Radical Republican Reconstruction
Congress forced southern states to reapply for admission into the Union
Southern states had to ratify the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments. Aka Reconstruction Amendments
Provide African Americans with protection and assist them with opportunities for advancement

5. Land redistribution
Congress never granted land or the absolute right to own to former slaves (economic independence)
Few options but to enter into sharecropping, crop lien, or tenant farming
Often worked for former slaveholders

6. 13th AMENDMENT
“NEITHER SLAVERY NOR INVOLUNTARY SERVITUDE EXCEPT AS PUNISHMENT FOR A CRIME, SHALL EVER EXIST WITHIN THE UNITED STATES”

7. U.S. citizenship as including all persons born in the United States, including African American
guaranteed that no citizen could be deprived of his/her rights without due process.
proposed in 1866 and ratified in 1868

8. 15th amendment
Removed restrictions on voting based on race, color or ever having been a slave
granted the right to vote to all male U.S. citizens over the age of 21.
proposed in1869 and ratified in 1870

9. During Reconstruction…
Morehouse college, an African American college was founded in Atlanta, GA in 1867
- Originally called Augusta Institute
Founded by 2 slaves and a minister

10. FREEDMEN’S BUREAU
Developed by Congress to help blacks during their transition into freedom
Provided jobs, education, and medical support
Disbanded by Andrew Johnson

11. Freedmen’s Bureau
Established by Congress in the last months of the war
Assisted former slaves and poor whites in the South by distributing food and clothing
Set up hospitals, teacher training institutes, established primary schools for children of former slaves
Assisted slaves with contracts and legal documents, family services, etc

12. Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
Charged with committing “High crimes and misdemeanors”
Ignored laws passed to limit presidential powers
Violating the
Tenure Act

13. Resistance to Racial Equality
Former slave states created Black Codes (aka Jim Crow Laws)
Law that controlled the lives of free slaves
The Klu Klux Klan – founded by veterans of the Confederate army. Killed thousands of men, women and children; burned schools, churches, and property. Terrorized blacks and whites that tried to help blacks.

14. Many white southerners opposed Reconstruction
Readmission of southern states was difficult because the south did not comply with Reconstruction guidelines.

15. Name 3 facts about Presidential Reconstruction
QUIZ
Name 3 facts about Presidential Reconstruction
Explain the difference between Radical Reconstruction and Presidential Reconstruction
What were the Reconstruction Amendments and describe each
What was Morehouse College originally called and who was it founded by?
What was the Freedmen’s Bureau and name 2 things it provided for?
Why was Andrew Johnson impeached? Be specific.
In what ways did previous confederate states resist racial equality?
Who were the founders of the KKK?

16. Readmit southern states quickly, started by Lincoln, carried out by Johnson, no revenge on previous Confederates, rebuild south,
Radical Reconstruction focused on punishing southern states; Presidential focused on readmitting southern states
13: abolished slavery
14th: citizenship
15th: voting rights to all men
Augusta Institute, 2 slaves and minister
Helped newly freed slaves transition into freedom: jobs, education, medical, housing
Violating the Tenure Act:
Black Codes were implemented through the south to further oppress blacks.
Veterans from the Confederate Army

18. Presidential Election 1876
Republican: Rutherford Hayes- Ohio
Democrat: Samuel Tilden- NY, won popular vote but lost electoral vote
Democrats agree to accept HAYES under certain conditions:
COMPROMISE OF 1877: ended Reconstruction
Removal of federal troops from the south
Federal $$ to build railroad from Texas to the West coast. $ to improve rivers, harbors, and bridges.
Haynes must appoint conservative Cabinet

19. TWEED RING
William Tweed was the leader of the powerful New York City Democratic political machine called the Tweed Ring
A group of corrupt politicians in NY city.