1. I. African Kingdoms
Standard 6

2. Migration 1. Why do people move? 2. How can migration affect people?
Change in population (more or less people)
Cultural blending of languages or ways of life may occur.
Ideas and technologies shared.
People’s quality of life improve
Clashes between groups can cause persecution or even war.
Environmental conditions change
natural resources.
Employment opportunities may dry up, creating unemployment and poverty.
3 Reasons: Environmental, Economic, Political
Push- Pull factors: things that push people from an area or pull them to an area.

3. Map of Bantu Movement

4. B. Ghana- “Land of Gold” Economy Religion Decline Rulers
Based on the Gold and Salt Trade
Owned salt mines but not gold mines
Most people were farmers
Rulers gained tributes from conquered territories
Rulers
Kings controlled the territories
Allowed people to trade only with gold dust- not gold nuggets
Religion
Islam was introduced by teachers and merchants
Decline
Holy Wars between Muslims from North African disrupted trade and tribute.
Area slowly declined

6. C. Mali Development Sundiata- first ruler Mansa Musa Decline
Founded by Mande people from Ghana
Gold mines found in the east causing trade routes to shift.
Sundiata- first ruler
Took title Mansa (ruler)
Controlled the Gold and Salt Trade
Developed a stable government
Promoted agriculture
Mansa Musa
Supported Islam
Established provinces and ruled through governors.
Created a trading center in Timbuktu
Took Hajj to Mecca-caused Egypt to go bankrupt with all the gold
Decline
Poor leadership
Trade routes shifted

8. D. Songhai Timbuktu Development Sunni Ali Major trade center
Traded- gold, salt, cotton
City of Scholars
Scholars gave private lessons in their homes or at mosque
Couldn’t play or participate in activities.
Development
Took over Mali
Controlled the gold and salt trade
Sunni Ali
Efficient ruler
Rules through provinces