1. Grammar Crash Course Day #4: Verbals continued, Phrases, Clauses, and Sentence Structures
December 11th, 2014

2. Warm Up: Favorite Story
Date: December 11th, 2014
Prompt: What is your favorite story? Why is it your favorite? Share specific details and examples of how that story has impacted you.

3. Agenda
Learning Target: Today I will learn how to identify and use different sentence structures.
Verbals recap
Phrases and Clauses
Sentence Structures

4. Genius Hour Project Submissions
If you are prepared to turn in your Genius Hour project early, do so at the link below. Regardless, ALL digital submissions must be turned in here:
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You will need to turn in your paper reflection and rubric in the trays at the front of the room.

5. Verbals Recap What the what is a verbal?
Verbals are words formed from verbs, but are never used alone as action words in a sentence.
There are three types of verbals:
Gerunds = verb + -ing
Infinitives = to + verb
Participles = verb + -ing, -en, -n, -ed, -d, -t
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6. Gerunds Revisited Gerunds = Verb + ing
Gerunds act as nouns and can function as any part in a sentence.
Song time!
I’m every sentence part
It’s all in meeeeeee
My name is Gerund
I end in i-ing
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7. Infinitives Revisited
Infinitive = to + verb
Infinitives are the simplest form of the verb.
Infinitives typically function as nouns, but can act as adjectives or adverbs as well.
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8. Participles Participles = verb + -ing, -en, -n, -ed, -d, -t
Participles may function as adjectives and describe many nouns.
There are three kinds of participles:
Present participles
Past participles
Perfect participles (don’t worry about these)
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9. Participles Present participles: Past participles
Pretty much always end with –ing (but function differently from gerunds which act as nouns)
Examples: Melanie is reading a lot.
Past participles
End in –d or –ed for regular verbs, and irregularly for irregular verbs.
Examples:
The wrecked sailboat washed ashore.
The donkey was tired of walking up the mountain.
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10. What is the difference? Present Participle (PP) or Gerund (G)?
Dancing in the moonlight is fun.
Sheila is dancing in the moonlight.
She is thinking of the children.
She is concerned with the children’s thinking.
This is a warning.
The warning sign was neon yellow.
Alligators are swimming in the lake.
Swimming is what alligators do best.
(G)
(PP)
(PP)
(G)
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(G)
(G)
(PP)
(G)

11. Homework Read for 30 minutes.
Genius Hour projects will be due on December 12th.
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