1. Value Value is an element of art.
Value is defined as the lights and darks in an art work.
Value can be black, white and ranges of grays.
Value can be a color and the lights (tints) and darks (shades) of that color.

2. …Graduate the pencil values from light to dark
…Graduate the pencil values from light to dark. …Use the shape of the object as your guide.
Light source

3. …Add cast shadows away from the light source.

4. Graduate the pencil values from light to dark.
Identify the direction of the light source.
Remember that the side of an object nearest to the light source will be white or the lightest value.
The side farthest away from the light source will be black or the darkest value.

5. Using a Pencil to create Value…
A Pencil can be used to show the range of values that a light source produces on an object or group of objects.
Pencil shading can be used to show the cast shadows as well.
These techniques will help you to create the illusion of three-dimensions.

6. Pencil values can be:
Created to imitate the texture of the objects that you are drawing.
Smooth objects should be drawn with a smooth technique while textured objects should be drawn using stippling, hatching or other specific drawing techniques.
Value should be built up by overlapping layers of pencil.
Make sure to shade with the shape of the object!

7. Value Scale
A gradation of value from light to dark.

8. Use the Pencil to apply values
The pencil value should have a smooth surface. Use light, smooth strokes and build up the value by overlapping layers of pencil.

9. Pencil Value
Create a pencil value scale with a range of 7

10. Your drawing should show a…
Grading Criteria:
Your drawing should show a…
Range of values/gradation from white to black.
Each value should look different.
Good craftsmanship/smooth.

11. Create a value scale
Use a ruler to draw a 1 inch by 7 inch rectangle. Center on the paper.
Use a ruler to divide the rectangle into 7 equal blocks
Number the boxes 1-7.

12. Create a value scale One end of the scale will be white (#1).
The other end of the scale will be the darkest value (black #7).

13. Create a value scale
To start, take the 2H pencil and lightly shade all boxes except for #1, which remains white.

14. Create a value scale 2. Go over boxes #3-7 with the 2H to darken them.

15. Create a value scale 3. Go over boxes #4-7 with the 2B to darken them.

16. Create a value scale
4. Go over boxes #5-7 again with the 2B to darken them.

17. Create a value scale 6. Go over boxes #6-7 with the 6B to darken them.

18. Create a value scale
7. Go over boxes 7 with the 6B as hard as you can to make it as black as possible.