1. Race and Ethnicity

2. Race: Myth and Reality The Reality of Human Variety
The Myth of Pure Races
The Myth of a Fixed Number of Races
The Myth of Racial Superiority
The Myth Continues
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3. Ethnic Groups People often confuse the terms race and ethnic group
Race Refers to Biological Characteristics
Ethnicity Refers to Cultural Characteristics
Common Ancestry
Cultural Heritage
Nations of Origin
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4. Minority and Dominant Groups
Minority Group - People Singled Out for Unequal Treatment
Minority Group Not Necessarily Numerical Minority
Emergence of Minority Groups
Expansion of political boundaries
Migration
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5. Minority and Dominant Groups
Dominant Group - Group with Most…
Power
Privileges
Highest Social Status
Dominant Group Does the Discriminating
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6. Constructing Racial-Ethnic Identity
Sense of Ethnicity
Relative Size
Power
Appearance
Discrimination
Ethnic Work and the Melting Pot
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7. Prejudice and Discrimination
Learning Prejudice
Prejudice vs. Discrimination
Learning from Association
Far-Reaching Nature of Prejudice
Internalizing Dominant Norms
Lighter/Darker Skin
Ethnic Maps
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8. A Sense of Ethnicity
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9. Buying a House: Institutional Discrimination and Predatory Lending
This figure, based on a national sample, illustrates institutional discrimination. Rejecting the loan applications of minorities and gouging them with higher interest rates are a nationwide practice, not the acts of a rogue banker here or there. Because the discrimination is part of the banking system, it is also called systemic discrimination.
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11. Individual and Institutional Discrimination
Home Mortgages
African Americans and Latinos were 60 percent more likely to be rejected
Health Care
Discrimination does not have to be deliberate
Researchers do not know why race–ethnicity is a factor in medical decisions
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12. Theories of Prejudice Psychological Perspectives
Frustration and Scapegoats
The Authoritarian Personality
Sociological Perspectives
Functionalism
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13. Theories of Prejudice Conflict Theory Symbolic Interactionism
Keep Workers Insecure
Exploit Racial-Ethnic Divisions
Symbolic Interactionism
How Labels Create Prejudice
Labels and Self-Fulfilling Stereotypes
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14. Global Patterns of Intergroup Relations
Genocide
Population Transfer
Internal Colonialism
Segregation
Assimilation
Multiculturalism (Pluralism)
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15. Global Patterns of Intergroup Relations: A Continuum
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16. Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States: Europeans Americans
White Anglo Saxon Protestants (WASPs) held deep prejudices against other whites
Nation’s Founders Included Only Those from England
Other “White” Europeans Inferior
Naturalization Act of 1790: only white immigrants could apply for citizenship
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17. Race–Ethnicity of the U.S. Population
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18. U.S. Racial–Ethnic Groups
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19. Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States: Latinos (Hispanics)
A Note on Terms
Numbers Origins, Location
The massive unauthorized entry into the United States has aroused public concern
Spanish Language
Diversity
Comparative Conditions
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20. The Distribution of Dominant and Minority Groups
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21. Geographical Origins of U.S. Latinos
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22. Where U.S. Latinos Live
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24. Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States: African-Americans
The Struggle for Civil Rights
Rising Expectations and Civil Strife
Expected that these sweeping legal changes would usher in better conditions in life
Continued Gains
African Americans have made remarkable gains in politics, education, and jobs
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25. Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States: African-Americans
Current Losses
Race or Social Class? A Sociological Debate
Division of African Americans into “haves” and “have-nots”
Racism as an Everyday Burden
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28. Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States: Asian-Americans
Background of Discrimination
Diversity
Reasons for Success
Family life
Educational achievement
Assimilation into mainstream culture
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29. Countries of Origin for Asian Americans
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30. Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States: Native Americans
Diversity of Groups
From Treaties to Genocide and Population Transfer
The Invisible Minority and Self-Determination
Pan-Indianism
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31. Looking Towards the Future
The Immigration Debate
The current wave of immigrants is so diverse that it is changing the U.S. racial–ethnic mix
Affirmative Action
Towards a True Multicultural Society
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32. Projections of the Racial–Ethnic Makeup of the U.S. Population
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