1. Forces and Motion Investigate and apply Newton’s three laws of motion.
Examine the law of conservation of momentum in real world situations
Explore the difference between mass and weight
Relate gravitational force to mass

2. Forces Push or pull that acts on an object
Cause a resting object to move or cause acceleration
Measured in Newtons, N
The amount of force to accelerate a 1 kg object 1 m/s2
F=ma
Arrows show the direction of force

3. Net Force Overall force acting on an object Balanced forces
Equal and opposite force
Net force is zero
Unbalanced forces
One opposing force is greater than another
Forces going in the same direction
Causes acceleration
Net force greater than or less than zero

4. Friction Static Sliding Rolling Fluid
Friction force on objects not moving
Sliding
Force in opposite direction of moving object
Rolling
Point at which round object slides against a surface
Fluid
Force in opposite direction of object in a fluid
Air resistance-friction of object falling through air

5. Gravity Force between two objects that have mass
Earth’s gravity always pulls objects to the center of Earth
Objects accelerate down and fight air resistance
Projectiles
Follow a curved path because of gravity and air resistance
An initial forward velocity and downward velocity

6. Newton’s Laws First Law Inertia Second Law Weight
First Law
Objects in motion stay in motion
Objects in rest stay in rest
Inertia
Tendency of an object to resist change
Second Law
Force is equal to an object’s mass and acceleration
F=ma
Weight
Force of gravity acting on an object
Weight equals mass times gravity

7. Newton’s Laws Continued
Third Law
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Action-reaction forces
Force exerting on an object and force coming from an object to prevent movement

8. Momentum Greater mass, greater momentum
Momentum equals mass times velocity
Conservation of Momentum
When two objects collide, momentum is transferred from one to the other

9. Universal Forces Electromagnetic Forces Nuclear Forces
Can attract and repel
Opposites attract, like charges repel
Nuclear Forces
Strong nuclear force holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus
Weak nuclear force is what causes radioactivity
Gravitational Force
Attraction between objects that have mass
Mass and distance affect gravity
Centripetal Force
Center-directed force that allows an object to move in a circle