1. Consumption Production CO2 (Quadrillion BTU’s) rank Germany 14.2 5.3 6
The Energy Crisis: a global perspective Dave Feickert, TUC Energy Adviser Rotherham Town Hall 27October 2006 G8 Primary energy balance 2003
EU members
Consumption Production CO2
(Quadrillion BTU’s) rank
Germany
France UK
Italy
(G8 plus China and India produce 65% of global energy-CO2)

2. Consumption Production CO2 (Quadrillion BTU’s) Rank USA 98.8 70.5 1
Non-EU G8
Consumption Production CO2
(Quadrillion BTU’s) Rank
USA
Japan
Canada
Russia
China
India
(Source: US Department of Energy, Energy Information and Analysis for There are mtoe per quadrillion btu)

3. Increasing energy consumption and CO2 emissions to 2030 – EU and IEA baseline scenarios
EU primary energy needs increase 14.6% from 1654 mtoe in 2000 to 1895 mtoe in 2030
IEA predicts a 60% increase in energy needs globally by 2030
Global CO2 emissions increase by 50%
To prevent the planet warming a further 2 deg C by 2050, CO2 emissions must be cut by 60% at least

4. World energy-related CO2 Emissions - some key issues
Developing countries overtake OECD CO2 emissions in the 2020s
China is presently second after the US but will become the largest emitter
On a per capita basis the OECD will still be twice that of China

5. Examples of key EU policies by sector
Industry and power generation: renewable energy directive, CHP directive, ETS
Transport: prolongation of ACEA voluntary agreement, biofuels target
Residential and commercial: eco-design, energy performance in buildings directive

6. Alternative scenarios to 2030 cases examined for the EU
Renewable energy – 12% by 2010, further doubling to 2030
Energy efficiency – 20% improvement by 2020
Carbon capture and storage on all major fossil plant by 2050
Emissions trading scheme with increasing carbon values for a CO2 reduction target of 30% by 2020 on 1990 levels
Nuclear replacement and expansion in ‘nuclear’ member states

7. UK CO2 emissions 1970 – 2002 million tonnes carbon (DEFRA)
1. By source
Power stations
Industry Power Gen
Domestic
Road transport

8. UK CO2 emissions 1970 – 2002 million tonnes carbon (DEFRA)
2. By fuel type
Coal
Natural gas
Road fuels

9. Rising coal consumption 1983-2003 mtoe
North America
Europe and Eurasia
Asia Pacific
Africa
WORLD
(BP statistical review of world 2004)

10. Clean coal technologies increase thermal efficiency and reduce emissions
Stack gas treatment - FGD
Advanced pulverised fuel (PF) combustion ( e.g.supercritical boilers)
Fluidised bed combustion (FBC)
Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC)
Hybrid and advanced systems
Hydrogen plants

11. Carbon capture and storage
CO2 already routinely captured
New techniques needed to reduce costs
Pumped into exhausted oil/gas reservoirs
Can enhance oil recovery and methane recovery in coal seams
Only certain geological formations suitable
Sir David King has recently asked the Chinese Government to fit CO2 capture technology to new power stations

12. China
35% of world coal production
Coal makes up 70% of energy needs
Output up from 929 m tne (2001) to 2.1bn tne (2005)
Expected to increase to 2.4 bn tne by 2011
But has 80% of world’s supercritical boilers, partly developed in the UK. UK has none.