1. Fundamental of computer
Unit-1
Fundamental of computer

2. What is computer
Computer is an electronic data processing device that can take in an input, store the input, process it to give the desired output.
Data and instructions
Information
Input
Processing
Output

3. Block diagram of a computer

4. Input: The data and instructions given to a computer to solve the problem is known as input. Storage: It stores the data or information for processing. Processing: it is a set of steps performed to convert data into information. Output: the processed data or the result information is an output. ALU: it is a part of CPU, stands for arithmetic logical unit. ALU performs all the arithmetic and logical operations. Control unit: it control the flow of data & instructions from the storage unit to ALU.

5. Input devices: Keyboard Mouse Image Scanner Light pen Bar code reader
Joystick
Microphone
Optical character reader
Trackball

6. Output devices:
Printer
Monitor
Plotter
Projector
Speaker
Headphone

7. Memory: it stores information temporarily or permanently.
Hardware: The physical component of the computer, for e.g. CPU, monitor mouse.
Software: The set of programs that governs operations of a computer system & made the hardware perform a desired task. For e.g. Window7, MS-Excel, AutoCAD.
Memory: it stores information temporarily or permanently.
Cache memory: it act as an interface between the main memory and the processor.
Primary memory
Secondary memory

8. Computer based on Size and processor:
Micro computers
Mini computers
Mainframe computers
Super computers
Micro computers
Mini computers
Super computers
Mainframe computers

9. Types of memory Primary memory: Secondary memory: a) Hard disk
a) RAM (Random access memory)
b) ROM (Read only memory)
Secondary memory:
a) Hard disk
b) Compact disk
RAM
ROM
Hard disk

10. Generation of the computer
Based on the characteristics of various computer developed from time to time, they are categorized as generation of computer.
Generation of the computer
First Generation
Second Generation
Third Generation
Fourth Generation
Fifth Generation

11. First Generation computer

12. Second Generation computer

13. Third Generation computer

14. Fourth Generation computer

15. Fifth Generation computer

16. Thank you