1. The Renaissance

2. What was the Renaissance?
Means “Rebirth”
Rebirth of. . .
Culture
Art
Science
Ideas & Learning
Marked by a renewed interest in Greek and Roman literature and life.
Begins in the 1300s.

3. What brought about the Renaissance? The Black Death and the Crusades
Question:
What brought about the Renaissance?
The Black Death and the Crusades

4. Florence, Venice, & Genoa (important Italian Renaissance cities)
Were initially independent city-states governed as republics.
Had access to trade routes connecting Europe with Middle Eastern Markets.
Served as trading centers for the distribution of goods to northern Europe

5. Humanism Study of humans and humanity Celebrated the individual
Stimulated the study of Greek and Roman literature and culture
Was supported by wealthy patrons (people who supported artists and writers)

6. How did the arts and literature of the Renaissance differ from those of the Middle Ages?
Medieval art and literature focus--the Church and salvation
Renaissance art and literature focus--individuals & worldly matters, along with Christianity.

7. Perspective
Renaissance artists begin to use linear perspective

8. Artistic and literary creativity:
Leonardo da Vinci
True Renaissance man:
Architect, engineer, painter, sculptor, scientist
Mona Lisa

9. Da Vinci’s The Last Supper

10. Artistic and literary creativity:
Michelangelo
Painter and Sculptor
Helped design St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome
Sculptor—ex. David
Painted frescoes on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel 

11. St. Peter’s Basilica
Sacred Destinations

12. Michelangelo’s David

13. Artistic and literary creativity:
Petrarch—sonnets
Humanist

14. Machiavelli’s The Prince
Early modern treatise on government
Supported absolute power of the ruler
Maintains that the end justifies the means
Advises--one should do good if possible, but do evil when necessary

15. Northern Renaissance
Growing wealth in Northern Europe supported Renaissance ideas.
Northern Renaissance thinkers merged humanist ideas with Christianity.

16. Johannes Gutenberg
The movable type printing press and the production and sale of books helped spread ideas.

17. Gutenberg’s Bible

18. Northern Renaissance Writers
Desiderius Erasmus
Dutch Humanist
Wrote The Praise of Folly (1511)—poked fun at the Church and the State
Good friends w/ Sir Thomas More

19. Northern Renaissance Writers
Sonnets
Plays
Essays

20. Northern Renaissance Writers
Sir Thomas More
London, England
Chancellor to Henry VIII (executed by Henry VIII)
Christian Humanist
Wrote Utopia (1516)
Model for a perfect society

21. Northern Renaissance Artists
Portrayed religious and secular (non-religious) subjects.
Flemish School
Jan van Eyck
(1395 – 1441)
The Virgin and Chancellor Rolin, 

22. Northern Renaissance Artists
Albrecht Dürer (German )
Famous for copper engravings and wood cuts
The Last Supper  woodcut, 1510