1. Female Reproductive System
Chapter 16
Lesson 3

2. What it Does Makes eggs (ova, ovum) Makes female reproductive hormones
Female reproductive cell
About 400,000 immature eggs present at birth
About 400 eggs will mature during life time
Makes female reproductive hormones
Estrogen & progesterone
Provide a place to support & nourish a developing human
Breast are secondary reproductive organs

3. Female Parts & Functions
1) Ovary: (2, one on each side, ovaries)
produces & stores eggs (0.135 millimeters in diameter, very sharp pencil point)
Produces reproductive hormones estrogen & progesterone
2) Fallopian tube:
egg travels from ovaries to uterus through fallopian tube
Fertilization occurs here
3) Uterus: where fetus grows for 9 months, a muscle (aka: womb)

4. Female Parts & Functions
4) Vagina:
Intercourse takes place here
Part of “birth canal” & allows menstrual flow to exit
Connects the outside of body to uterus
5) Cervix:
bottom of uterus
what dilates during labor
cramping occurs here
6)Vulva
External genitalia
Covers & protect the vaginal opening

5. Female Parts & Functions
7) Clitoris: responsible for sexual stimulation
8) Bladder: stores urine
9) Urethra: allows urine to leave the body
10) Anus: opening from the digestive system for eliminating wastes.

6. Path of the Egg Egg moves from the ovary ->
1 of the fallopian tubes ->
uterus ->
cervix ->
exit out the vagina if not fertilized

7. How the Menstrual Cycle Works
Open to page 454
Occurs from puberty to menopause
Monthly series of hormone-controlled changes that prepares the uterine lining for a pregnancy
Last ~28 days
Ovulation: release of an egg from a follicle in ovary
14th day
Menstruation: break down & discharge of lining out of vagina
3-7 days

8. Maintaining Reproductive Health
Good hygiene, breast self exams & abstinence from sexual activity helps (open to page 455)
Bathe Regularly
Have regular medical exams
Practice abstinence
Breast Self-exams
Mostly in older women but all ages are at risk
Higher risk if runs in family
Treatable if detected early
Lumps (cysts) may occur in breast tissue

9. Problems with the Female Reproduction System
OPEN TO PAGE 456
Menstrual cramp
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS)
Endometriosis
STDs
Vaginitis
Ovarian cyst
Cervical, uterine & ovarian cancer

10. Annual Pelvic Exam Breast & genital exam
Paps Smear: examines the cells of the cervix
Do this yearly once you start having sex!
Cervical cancer: older women & younger women who are sexual active
Ovarian cancer:
Older women
Hard to detect in early stage