1. Did You Know?
We are made up of microscopic living things called: CELLS
There are Approximately 100 TRILLION cells in the Human Body.
100 Trillion

2. The Organelles CELLS are made up of different parts called ORGANELLES.
Each one has a specific FUNCTION/job!
The Organelles:
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Bodies (Apparatus)
Vacuoles
Lysosomes
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Chloroplast

3. Organelle- Cell Membrane
Function- To protect the cell and allow things IN and OUT.
Analogy- The cell membrane is like a fence because a cell membrane lets things in and out of a cell just like a fence lets things in and out of a yard.
Found- Animal & Plant Cells

4. https://youtu.be/6fhbbFd4icY

5. Cytoplasm Organelle- Cytoplasm
Function- Gel-like fluid found all throughout the cell; All other organelles are suspended (floating) in it.
Analogy- The Cytoplasm is like Jell-O, constantly moving & swishing around holding fruit (or organelles) in place
Found- Plant & Animal Cells

6. Write this under “Cytoplasm” on your notes!
Cytoplasm Means…
Cyto = Cells
Plasm= Shape
Cyto + Plasm = Cell Shape
Write this under “Cytoplasm” on your notes!

7. FYI: Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm is basically the thick gel like substance that fills the cell sometimes called cytosol.
It helps move materials around the cell.
It contains enzymes, fatty acids, sugars, and amino acids that are used to keep the cell working.

8. The Nucleus
Function- DNA (our genes) is in the nucleus. It directs the cell’s activities. The nucleolus is housed here.
(The Nucleus tells all the other parts what to do! )
Analogy- The nucleus is like a Brain
Found- Animal & Plant Cells

9. Mitochondria Organelle- Mitochondria
Function- Performs cellular respiration which breaks down sugar and produces energy. (In the form of ATP)
Analogy- “Power plant” of the Cell
Found- Animal & Plant Cells

10. What are Mitochondria? (2 min. clip)

11. FYI: Mitochondria
They are very small and cells may contain several thousand of them. It all depends on the cells needs.
If the cell feels it is not getting enough energy, than more can be created.
Food such as glucose (sugar) is broken down into carbon dioxide and water which releases energy. (Cellular Respiration!)
We breathe in oxygen to help this process.

12. Where are the Mitochondria??

13. What does it look like on the inside?

14. Ribosomes Organelle- Ribosome
Function- Makes protein out of amino acids. All cells need protein to function!
Analogy- Ribosomes are like a Protein Factory
Found- Animal & Plant Cells

15. Where are Ribosomes located?
Some attach to ROUGH ER…
Some float in cytoplasm…

16. Lysosomes
Function- Breaks down old cell parts & releases them for recycling
Analogy- Like the Janitors
Found- Plant & Animal Cells

17. A plant cell has two more unique organelles!
But Wait…There’s More!
A plant cell has two more unique organelles!

18. Chloroplast Function- Makes food for the cell through photosynthesis
Chlorophyll traps sunlight and makes plants green in color.
Analogy- A chloroplast is like a Chef in a Restaurant
Found- Plant Cells

19. Cell Wall
Function- Structure that is rigid and gives support to a cell.
Cells walls (made of different materials) also found in algae, fungi, bacteria, and archaea.
Analogy- Like a brick wall surrounding a building!
Found- Plant Cells

20. Video Clip: Biology- Cell Structure

21. Cell Rap

22. Nucleolus
Ribosomes are made here.
It’s found INSIDE the NUCLEUS!

23. Vacuoles Function- Stores food and water;
Largest are found in plant cells and smallest in animal cells.
Analogy- Like a Storage Container
Found- Plant & Animal Cells

24. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Organelle- Endoplasmic Reticulum
Function- Carry/DELIVERS proteins and other cell materials from one part of cell to another.
Two Types- Smooth ER and Rough ER
Rough E.R. has Ribosomes
Smooth E.R. does NOT have Ribosomes!
Analogy- Like Roadways/Highways
Found- Animal & Plant Cells

25. Where is the Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Rough ER
Rough E.R.?
Smooth E.R?
Smooth ER

26. Golgi Bodies/Golgi Apparatus:
Organelle- Golgi Body
Function- Receives Proteins (mail) from the E.R., Packages them (puts it in envelope) then Distributes them to other parts of cell (Mailman)
Analogy- Like Post office
Found- Plant & Animal Cells

27. Where are Golgi Bodies???

28. Some Animal Cells have Vacuoles while Others Don’t!!
Where is the Vacuole?
Some Animal Cells have Vacuoles while Others Don’t!!