1. MODERN ISSUES and MODERN HELPERS
Unit 3 – Africa
Lesson 6 – Modern Africa

2. What are some of the major issues facing African nations?
Read the article on child soldiers (Upfront mag)
Why are children used in battle?
Why do you think it happens so often in Africa, as opposed to… say… Japan, or here?
Why can’t anyone help?
PPT on “helpers”

3. Four Specific Crisis Issues:
Crisis: Extreme Poverty
Crisis: Somalia – poverty & starvation
Crisis: Piracy (Somalia)
Crisis: Sudan

4. Crisis: Extreme Poverty
As we continue through these slides, answer these questions as we go:
What is extreme poverty, as presented by Dr. Jeffrey Sachs and Angelina Jolie?
What are some solutions?

5. Angelina Jolie helps Africans

6. As you watch the 7 min documentary: Note: Problems in the hospital
Solutions to the problem of extreme poverty
AFTER THE VIDEO, YOU’LL HAVE QUESTIONS TO ANSWER
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7. What was the problem, as presented by Dr
What was the problem, as presented by Dr. Jeffrey Sachs and Angelina Jolie?

8. What is your impression of celebrities being United Nations Ambassadors?
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9. What is your impression of what a “good will Ambassador” to the United Nations does?
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10. Crisis: Extreme Poverty
What was the problem, as presented by Dr. Jeffrey Sachs and Angelina Jolie?
What are some solutions?

12. Crisis: Somalia, 1993
As we continue through these slides, answer these questions as we go:
Why is Somalia having so many problems?
Who tried to help?
Why did that helper pull out their help?

13. Crisis: Somalia, 1993 What happens to a country without a government?
One of the poorest nations in Africa, with the most problems…
Lost all sense of a government to deal with them…
What happens to a country without a government?

14. Where is Somalia?

15. Capital: Mogadishu

16. 1990 – Government collapsed

17. Who do you think will take over?
Imagine a classroom with no teacher, a home with no parent…
Chaos, greed, lawlessness, and…
Slow, sad death…

18. Civil War exploded – led by “War Lords”

19. The Economy collapsed;

20. What do you think these “War Lords” wanted?

21. The nation of Somalia became obsessed with fighting

22. With most men either fighting, or running from the fighting, what happens to families and future?

23. Farm fields were left to rot;
… and the people starved

24. The children suffered most…

25. Many died of malnutrition.

26. Kids joined War Lords for power and fame

28. Why was Somalia having so many problems in 1993?

29. Generous Americans Americans had raised millions of $$ in 1985
For Ethiopian starvation
One of the earliest groups to fund raise was the Council Rock SEB in 1984.
They raised thousands of $$ for rice and grain.
Led to LIVE AID 1985
One of the most generous completely giving events ever
Americans started raising $$ again.

30. Problem… War Lords in Somalia confiscated grain Sold for a profit
Food never got to the most needy

31. Americans were aghast. They wanted to help.
The outgoing President, George Bush (Sr.) wanted to help.
The United States looked for someone to condemn.
What would you suggest?

32. Should America have helped?
Why not?... Or
How should we help?

33. 1993, The President ordered US troops to find and neutralize the leading War Lords
25,000 Americans were a part of a multi-national force, instructed to protect the innocent, and find and eliminate the War Lords preventing progress.

34. We were hailed as heroes.
By everyone BUT the War Lords
The War Lords panicked.
They lied to their followers.
They told them the Americans were there to attack, to kill their mothers and wives…

35. During one mission, two American Blackhawk Helos were shot down.

36. Americans fought bravely, trying to rescue the fallen, but 18 lost their lives, 80 injured.

37. Several were stripped naked and drug through the dusty streets

38. How should we respond? (Somalians had shot Americans down, drug their bodies through the streets, and filmed it all.)

39. Shortly after, the Americans pulled out, not willing for more Americans to die in this cause.

40. Questions to ponder… Was it appropriate for us to help? Why?
Was it appropriate for us to pull out like we did, when we did? Why?
What will likely become our new policy in Africa when Africans need our help?
BTW, the Rwanda genocide started just six months later…

41. Crisis: Somalia, 1993 Why is Somalia having so many problems?
Who tried to help?
Why did that helper pull out their help?

43. Crisis: Somalia, Piracy
As we continue through these slides, answer these questions as we go:
Why did Piracy break out in Somalia?
What caused it to end?

44. Somalia today: lawless and dangerous…
Modern Issue:
SOMALI PIRATES

45. WHO? Groups of bandits / thugs from Somalia Not your typical pirates…
No eye patches and peg legs
Use small speedboats to chase ships
Carry grenade launchers to scare victims
Not uncultured; many come from well off backgrounds
Consider themselves “protectors / defenders” of their country and seas from foreign invaders… very nationalistic

46. WHERE?

47. WHY? They seem themselves as very nationalistic!!
Govt. collapsed in 1991
no one to protect country / seas
w/o protection, many foreign nations (Europe, Middle East, USA) began to abuse Somalian seas
Dumped large amounts of chemicals into waters and practiced “illegal” fishing
Around yr. 2000, many Somalians were fed up and decided to fight back…

48. Why did Piracy break out in seas outside of Somalia?

49. Consequences
2008: 40 ships successfully captured; ransoms paid ranging from $500,000 to $2 million
2010: 49 ships hijacked off coast of Somalia (out of total 53 worldwide)
Economic– pirates getting richer, everyone else getting poorer…; $10 billion lost in world econ. from trade disruption
Food shortage– w/o fishing, millions are deprived of fish & seafood
Captive brutality– torturing, abusing, robbing, killing (about 1/3 of captives)

50. Efforts to Tame Piracy 1) USA - Combined Task Force 151 (CFT – 151)
United Nations– after 2008, UN knew something needed to be done to stop piracy; and companies started to arm their crews with real weapons
1) USA - Combined Task Force 151 (CFT – 151)
2) militaries from EU, Russia, China and India
25 in total
3) By September 2012, the heyday of piracy
in the Indian Ocean was reportedly over
4) By December 2013, only 9 vessels had been attacked
with zero successful hijackings
-piracy is no longer seen as a good investment

51. Crisis: Somalia, Piracy
Why did Piracy break out in Somalia?
What caused it to end?

53. Crisis: Sudan
As we continue through these slides, answer this question as we go:
What was the “split” in Sudan?

54. Crisis in Sudan (and the Darfur)

55. Sudan was a large nation

56. Angelina Jolie discusses Darfur
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In July 2008, the International Criminal Court (ICC), accused al-Bashir, military dictator of Sudan of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes in Darfur.

57. With three distinct sections
Click
10 min summary

58. George Clooney has donated his time to help the people of Darfur

59. And has even led to his arrest…

60. Describe what you think the US should do, and why… and how…

61. The Result:

62. What was the “split” in Sudan?
Crisis: Sudan
What was the “split” in Sudan?

64. THE WALL in Morocco use this lesson during LATIN AMERICA
On FB, about Spain in Morocco – the wall
Describe “the wall”