1. Global Fragmentation and Realignment
Unit 6: 1914 to the Present
Global Fragmentation and Realignment

2. Question of Periodization?
Why begin the era with the year 1914?

3. Big Idea #1: Dissolution of Global Empires
End 2nd period of European imperialism
Dissolution of land-based empires
Russia, Ottoman, Soviet Union, Qing
Dissolution of Maritime Empires
Negotiated independence: India, Guyana(Africa)
Violent conflict: S. Africa, Vietnam, Algeria
New National Identities
How did language, religion, peasant class, and culture contributed to post WWII national identities?

6. Big Idea #1 Continued Migration from colonies to Mother country
S.Asians to India
Algerians to France
Philippines to USA
Social and Demographic Consequences
Refugees
India vs Pakistan exchange
Jewish/Palestine repatriation issue
Realignment of borders: India/Pakistan, Yugoslavia dissolution

8. Big Idea #2: Global War and Conflict
World War One and Two
Causes/effects
Was the war in 1914 a 30 years conflict?
Causes of War in ’39 same:
Imperialism, nationalism, competition for resources, ethnic conflict, great power rivalry, ideological differences
Global nature of war – colonials helped fight in war (British Indian troops)

9. Big Idea #2 Continued Economic mobilization & new technologies
economic decline of Europe
Genocide
Armenian, Holocaust, Cambodia, Rwanda, Yugoslavia

10. What were the results of World War One?
WW1
Mandate system
League of Nations
World body to help maintain peace
No real power
9 new countries in Europe
Reparation system in Germany (33 Billion)
Dependent on US financing
Also UK and France owed 2 billion to US

12. Middle East in 1914

13. WW 2 Results United Nations US and USSR most powerful in world
Marshall Plan in Europe
Germany and Japan occupied
China returns to civil war
India, Philippines given independence

14. Big Idea #2 Continued Cold War – Decolonization Decolonization
Ideological struggle economically
Strategies of Cold War – flexible response, MAD
East-West Division: NATO vs Warsaw Pact
Truman Doctrine/Marshall Plan
Decolonization
Cuba, Vietnam, Congo

16. Big Idea #3: New Global Institutions & Characteristics
Political
United Nations
Economic
IMF, World Bank, OPEC, EU
Humanitarian
Red Cross, Red Crescent, WHO, Doctors Without Borders
Regional agreements
EU, NAFTA

17. Big Idea #3 Continued New forms of communication/transport
Internet, spread of medicine
Global poverty: what are our responsibilities?
Globalization; spread of culture
Food, banking, multinational corporations