1. Pages 16-19
Review Sheet answers

2. Age of Absolutism Leaders Achievements Louis XIV
Established a centralized government, foreign relations, made Versailles into the palace
Peter the Great
Westernized Russia, grew economy, education reforms, expanded Russia, modernized army
Catherine the Great
Extended Russia, helped westernize Russia
Philip II
Persecuted protestants, defended Catholicism, Ushered in a Golden Age in Spain
William and Mary
Utilized Parliament, set up a Constitutional Monarchy in England, Bills of rights and Cabinet system

3. Author and Work John Locke Voltaire Rousseau Montesquieu
Main Ideas
Impact
John Locke
Natural Rights, Consent, Political Obligation, Separation of Powers
Bill of Rights
Voltaire
 Liberty and Morality were an important part of his Enlightenment philosophy, freedom of expression
Freedom of Speech and Religion in Bill of Rights
Rousseau
Freedoms, Social Contract
American/French Revolution
Montesquieu
Separation of Powers
3 Branches of Government

4. Scientific Thinker
Achievement
Copernicus
Heliocentric Model
Newton
Laws of Motion
Vasillius
Father of Modern Anatomy
Gibbert
Advances in Medicine
Galileo
Telescope

5. France Ripe for Revolution
Features
Function
Why did each of these features push France toward Revolution?
Absolutism
Monarchy had total control over France
People were upset with not having a say, monarchy spending money and taxing the people
Inequality
Estates were not equal. Third estate was treated unfairly
Third Estate had to pay the taxes whereas the 1st and 2nd did not.
Enlightenment
Thinkers ideas on equality and overthrowing tyrannical governments
People saw the American Revolutions success and read the ideas of Locke and Rousseau which inspired them to overthrow

6. Feature
Significance
Divine Right
Monarchy was thought to rule with divine right which was eliminated after the French Revolution
Democracy
Democracy was set up after the overthrow of the monarchy
Kings and Nobles
Done away with
Steps toward modern capitalist economy
Free enterprise, Adam Smith theory
Inspiration for other nations
American Revolution inspired set up for France