1. WORLD WAR I
M.A.I.N. Causes

2. Present, but not obvious factors that lead to the effect
Underlying Causes
Present, but not obvious factors that lead to the effect

3. MILITARISM Increased naval power Arms race / military build-up
Military influenced public policy

4. If one country was attacked, allied countries bound to defend them
Secret ALLIANCES
If one country was attacked, allied countries bound to defend them

5. Increasing competition leads to confrontation
IMPERIALISM
Increasing competition leads to confrontation
Desire for greater empires

6. Each country tried to prove dominance / power
NATIONALISM
Each country tried to prove dominance / power

7. Sensationalism / exaggeration Motivates public support for war
Yellow Journalism
Sensationalism / exaggeration
Motivates public support for war

8. Cause that leads immediately to the effect
Direct Cause
Cause that leads immediately to the effect

9. Assassination
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary shot by a Serbian nationalist

10. TRIPLE ALLIANCE
Austria-Hungary
Germany
Italy

11. TRIPLE ENTENTE
Britain
France
Russia

12. OTHER ALLIES Portugal Spain Switzerland Belgium Netherlands Denmark
Norway
Romania
Serbia
Bulgaria
Greece
Albania

13. Government Propaganda
Ideas spread to influence public opinion
Stirred up national hatred before the war
At first: Used to urge people to defend their own country

15. 23.2 Key Terms
Words you must know…. 

16. Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause
Propaganda

17. Warfare fought in trenches (ditches protected by barbed wire)
Trench warfare

18. A war based on wearing the other side down by constant attacks and heavy losses
War of attrition

19. A war involving a complete mobilization of resources and people in the warring countries
Total War

20. Economic systems directed by government agencies
Planned economies

21. End of the War
1919

22. Treaty of Versailles (1919)

23. War Guilt Clause: Responsibility
Forces Germany (and Austria-Hungary) fully responsible for starting the war

24. Cost of the War
Germany ordered to pay reparations for all damage done to Allied nations

25. Germany forced to: Limit Army to 100,000 Reduce Navy
Military
Germany forced to:
Limit Army to 100,000
Reduce Navy
Eliminate Air Force

26. Germany / Russia lost much territory
See map on page 743
Alsace and Lorraine returned to France
Germany / Russia lost much territory

27. Rhineland becomes demilitarized zone
Buffer Zone
Rhineland becomes demilitarized zone
Stripped of all weapons and fortifications
Intended as a barrier

28. A truce or an agreement to end the fighting in a war
ARMISTICE

29. A payment by a nation defeated in a war to other nations to cover the costs of war
REPARATION

30. A commission from the League of Nations to a nation that allowed it to officially govern another nation without actually owning the territory
MANDATE