1. Daily Life (1600-1800) Intro Society’s Structure Key Terms Nobility
England vs. French
The “Masses”
Mortality Rates
Family
Women’s Lives
Peasant Life
Pugachev Rebellion
Urban Workers & Guilds
Fun/Entertainment
Key Terms
Bourgeoisie
Family Economy
Cottage Industry
Dowry
Corvée
Emelian Pugachev
Apprentice
Journeyman
Master

2. Bourgeoisie General term for “middle class” (primarily in France)
Included shopkeepers, skilled workers, business owners, bankers, etc.

3. Nobles/Lords: 1-5%
Clergy: 5-10%
Bourgeoisie: 5-10%
The “Masses” %

4. Nobility in England & France
About 400 families (House of Lords)
Passed all laws
France
Nobles of Sword (served the king); Nobles of Robe (purchased a title)
Nobles did not pay taxes!

5. Bolshoi Theater, Moscow
Bolshoi Ballet started as a dance school in 1700s
Theater opened in 1800s
Bolshoi Theater, Moscow

6. The Nobility & Fun
Gambling, adultery, hunting, tennis, opera, ballet, dances & elaborate dinner parties, salons, etc.
Food: Breads and wine/hard liquor & coffee; greater amounts of food were available & exotic spices

7. French Nobility (Dress & Manners)
Men wore wigs; 1,200 shops
Culottes (Knee breeches)
The diameter of some dresses was nine feet across

8. The Masses: Mortality Rates
Average life expectancy: years shorter for the “Masses” than nobility (Hôtel Dieu)
Disease & Accidents = biggest killers
Diet was monotonous & not balanced:
Staples-Black bread & beer
For most, very little meat or fresh vegetables
Hospital For The Poor

9. Peasant Family in France
Family Life
Men/Fathers: Plowing, planting, running a shop; also became migrant workers
Women/Mothers: “Carriers,” childrearing/ raising, “Deputy Husbands; earned extra $$$
Children: Laborers (age seven)
25% of infants died before age one; 55% before age ten
Servants: Laborers, but weren’t slaves
Peasant Family in France

10. Cottage Industry Spinning Wheel
Women set their own pace & made extra money

11. Girl With A Pearl Earring
She worked as a servant to help earn money for her family
Others might work to earn money for a dowry
Griet

12. Women Dowry Wealth given by a bride to her husband upon marriage
Women often worked 10 years to build their dowry
Childbirth & Abandonment; many women worked as “wet nurses” or prostitutes (40-60,000 in Paris)
“Rule of Thumb”
It was legal to beat one’s wife with a stick as long as the stick was no thicker than the husband’s thumb

13. Peasant Life About 75% of Europe’s population lived as peasants/serfs.
Peasants “rented” land from Nobles.
Peasants could be bought, sold & traded.

14. Tax System In France
Nobles & Clergy-did not pay taxes; Peasants & Bourgeoisie paid taxes
Those with the least wealth paid the most in taxes
Corvée: Peasants worked days of unpaid labor per year for the state (roads, bridges, etc)

15. Pugachev Rebellion (1773-1774)
A former soldier who led a mass rebellion attacking serfdom & monarchy of Catherine the Great.
Controlled a large area in eastern Russia including Kazan.
He was captured, tortured and executed; ending the rebellion.
Emelian Pugachev
(c )

16. Guild System (Early industry)
Master- Shop-owner (if they had enough money & connections).
Journeyman- After completing seven year apprenticeship they could receive “Journeyman Papers.” Received wage plus room & board.
Apprentice-worked for room & board only (seven year term), but with a hope of advancement.
Unskilled Laborer -received room & board with little or no hope of advancement.

17. Master
Journeymen
Apprentice
Unskilled Laborers

18. “The Masses” & Fun Public Punishments

19. Fun: For Rich & Poor Gambling/Card-playing, Casinos, Lottery

20. “The Masses” & Fun Gambling On Cockfights
Razor-sharp

21. “The Masses” & Fun Taverns
In London, the average male consumed 100 gallons of beer or ale per year (one quart per day).

22. “The Masses” & Fun Religious Ceremonies: A Christening

23. “The Masses” & Fun Soccer

24. Daily Life (1600-1800) Intro Society’s Structure Key Terms Nobility
England vs. French
The “Masses”
Mortality Rates
Family
Women’s Lives
Peasant Life
Pugachev Rebellion
Urban Workers & Guilds
Fun/Entertainment
Key Terms
Bourgeoisie
Family Economy
Cottage Industry
Dowry
Corvée
Emelian Pugachev
Apprentice
Journeyman
Master