1. Organic Chemistry

2. The study of carbon containing molecules
Organic Chemistry
The study of carbon containing
molecules
Exception= Carbon dioxide

3. Properties of carbon *6 protons, 6 electrons
*Needs 8 electrons in outer
energy shell to be stable.
*can form up to four bonds,
one with each electron

4. Carbon C

5. Methane H C H H
Carbon is now stable
With eight outer electrons H

6. All Organic molecules have a
Carbon SKELETON

7. Chains
-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-
Unbranched

8. C
- C - C- C- C- C -
Branched

9. -C-C=C-C-C-C-
Double bonded

10. Rings
C—C
-C C-
Single Ring

11. Double Ring c c c c c c c c c c

12. Classification
of Organic Compounds

13. By similar characteristics

14. Functional Groups
A group of atoms that behave in a specific way no matter what the rest of the molecule is.

15. Functional groups:
Add to the stability of a molecule
Are involved with specific reactions.

16. Carboxyl Group OH COOH C = O *Organic acids *Found in Amino acids
*Polar molecules

17. Example:
Acetic acid
H O
H C C
H OH

18. Methyl Group CH3 H ?- C - H *Polar *Found in Fatty acids and
Amino acids

19. Example:
Methane H
H- C – H

20. Phosphate Group O-P-OH O PO4 OH *Organic phosphates *Nucleic acids
*Lipids

21. Amino Group
NH H
?- N –H
*Amino acids

22. Alcohol Group
COH C-OH
*Simple sugars
*Alcohols

23. Example: H
H-C-OH alcohol
Methanol
Methyl

24. Aldehyde Group
CHO H
-C=O
*Simple sugars

25. Example: H
H-C=O
Formaldehyde

26. You will learn to recognize
Functional Groups in our study of:
* Carbohydrates
*Lipids
*Proteins
* Nucleic acids

27. Practice Identifying Functional groups