1. Fine Arts section 1 pg.7-20
By david steen

2. Family
Sachs/Hornbostel Classification
Stringed Instruments
Chordophones
Woodwinds
Aerophones
Brass
Percussion
Idiophones/
Membranophones
Keyboards
Varies
Sound and music
Music is sound organized in time. All that is needed for music to exist is a time frame, sound waves, and a person to hear what is being played. Sound waves are affected by amplitude and frequency. there are two different types of musical sounds: pitched and non-pitched. Non-pitched is when a sound has no discernable pitch.

3. Pitch ,rhythm ,harmony
Pitch is the highness or lowness of a sound. Harmony occurs when two or more pitches sound simultaneously. The octave occurs naturally in the overtone series. Western tradition divides it into twelve equal intervals called half steps. Melody is a coherent succession of pitches perceived as a whole, with a beginning, middle, and end. Major and minor scales are sets of seven different pitches arranged in a specific pattern of whole and half steps within a single octave. The beat is the steady, regular pulse underlying most music. Tempo is the speed of the beat. Meter groups beats into regular patterns of weak and strong beats. Rhythm is the series of durations of varying lengths that overlie the beat.

4. Pitch, rhythm, harmony
Nearly all western music is based upon the need for dominant harmony to resolve to the tonic or the resting tone. A key is a hierarchical set of harmonic and and melodic pitch relationships organized around a tonic and using one of the thirty minor or major scales. Diatonic music uses pitches from only one scale; music is chromatic when it uses accidentals to add pitches from outside the key, or to change keys. The triad is the most basic type of chord. It consists of two stacked thirds.

5. Other aspects
Texture, counterpoint, dynamics, articulation, and ornamentation are important features that can distinguish otherwise similar musical sounds. Texture describes the number of things going on at once in a piece of music. There are four types of textures: monophony, homophony, polyphony, and heterophony. Counterpoint is one of the two main types of polyphonic textures. In counterpoint, the simultaneous melodies are usually in different registers.

6. Form
Tension and release, memory and anticipation, and continuity and contrast are fundamental to the listener’s musical experience. Motives, phrases, cadences, and themes are the smallest building blocks of form. Musical material may be repeated, varied, developed, or contrasted with different material to create longer forms; it can be framed by an introduction and/or coda. Common forms include theme and variations, twelve-bar blues, thirty-two-bar form, ABA form, verse-chorus, and sonata form.

7. conclusion
Music can be represented by diagrams, with notation, or on sound recordings, each of which has limitations because music is an art form that structures time rather than space, some people consider it an activity rather than a fixed object.