1. Bonding and Nomenclature
Ms. Oster - Physical Science

2. What is a chemical bond?
Chemical Bond: An attraction between atoms that allows for the formation of molecules (2 or more atoms together).
Two main types:
Ionic Bond
Covalent Bond

3. Ionic Bonds
REMEMBER: An ion is a charged atom So… ionic bonds form between charged atoms.
Ionic bonds form between a metal and a non-metal.
Metals take on positive charges by losing valence electrons.
Non-metals take on negative charges by gaining electrons

4. Ionic Bonds Cont...
Valence electrons - Metal donates - Nonmetal accepts - charges like magnets

5. Ionic Bond Nomenclature (naming)
Always write the metal first and non-metal second
Ex: NaCl
Say the metal name first and the non-metal second with an “-ide” and the end
Ex: Sodium Chloride, Magnesium Oxide
Number charges become subscripts on the other atom
Ex: Mg2+ and Cl1- → Mg1Cl2 → MgCl2

6. Practice makes Perfect
Element #1
Element #2
Compound
Compound Name
Dot Diagram Na Cl
NaCl
Sodium Chloride
Na+ Cl - Mg I K Br

7. Covalent Bonds
The prefix “Co-” means “together” (cooperate, coordinate) So atoms in a covalent bond, work together!
Covalent bonds form between a non-metal and another non-metal
The atoms share their electrons in order to have a full outer shell.

8. Covalent Bonds Continued...
share electrons, full outer shell

9. Covalent Bond Nomenclature (Naming)
Say the elements in group numerical order.
Exception: when the compound contains oxygen and a halogen, the halogen is first.
If in same group: higher period comes first.
Include prefixes in front of each element name to represent how many atoms there are.
Same as ionic bond naming with “-ide” at the end of the second element name
Charges become subscripts on the other atom
Notice no mono in front of carbon
Examples: H20 = dihydrogen monoxide; CO2 = carbon dioxide

10. Covalent Bond Nomenclature Continued...
You need to memorize these prefixes! Make flash cards!

11. Practice Makes Perfect!
Element #1
Element #2
Compound
Compound Name
Dot Diagram Cl
Cl2
Chlorine
Cl Cl H O C