1. How To Analyze Information On Political Campaigns

2. In order to make an educated, informed decision when you vote, you must first be able to evaluate the information out there.
How do you do that?

3. You do that by analyzing these 4 areas.
Evaluating sources
Separating fact from opinion
Detecting bias
Identifying propaganda

4. 1. Evaluating Sources
You need to know where the information is coming from.
Does it come from a candidate, from a political party, from a non-partisan group, from a newspaper.

5. 1. Evaluating Sources
Knowing this helps you in analyzing the other four areas

6. 2. Separating fact from opinion
A fact is something that has actually happened or that is true
An opinion is a belief based on what someone believes to be true

7. 2. Separating fact from opinion
You must look at a piece of information and determine if it is fact or opinion.
Sometimes knowing the source will help you do this.

8. 2. Separating fact from opinion
A newspaper (unless it says it is a commentary) will most likely report to you facts.

9. 2. Separating fact from opinion
A non-partisan source will most likely report facts, not opinions

10. 2. Separating fact from opinion
A candidate or party may have both facts and opinions mixed in its material

11. 2. Separating fact from opinion

12. 3. Detecting Bias
Bias is a leaning in favor of or against someone, to be prejudiced towards someone or something

13. 3. Detecting Bias
Once you determine the source of your information, you may be able to determine if you need to be on the lookout for any bias

14. 3. Detecting Bias A newspaper generally is not biased.
However, many believe that different newspapers have a leaning towards the conservative or liberal point of view

15. 3. Detecting Bias
Non-partisan sources by definition try to be as unbiased as possible

16. 3. Detecting Bias
By design, information from a political party will be biased towards that party and prejudiced against any other party

17. 3. Detecting Bias
By design, information from a candidate will be biased towards that candidate and prejudiced against other candidates

18. 3. Detecting Bias
However, these sources sometimes try to appear unbiased ….so be careful!!
Break it Up….

19. 4. Identifying Propaganda
This is the process of spreading or promoting a particular idea to help one’s cause or to damage an opposing cause.

20. 4. Identifying Propaganda
You see propaganda everyday when you see a TV commercial or advertisement in a magazine

21. 4. Identifying Propaganda
The problem, it is a little trickier to identify what is propaganda when looking at political advertisements!

22. 4. Identifying Propaganda
Generally, you can follow the same guidelines as when you identified bias.
Newspapers are generally less prone to using propaganda when reporting news stories.

23. 4. Identifying Propaganda
Generally, you can follow the same guidelines as when you identified bias.
Newspapers do use a form of propaganda when they publish political cartoons

24. 4. Identifying Propaganda
Generally, you can follow the same guidelines as when you identified bias.
Non-partisan sources try not to use propaganda at all – they try to be as neutral as possible.

25. 4. Identifying Propaganda
Generally, you can follow the same guidelines as when you identified bias.
Political parties and candidates will often use propaganda to forward their cause!

26. 4. Identifying Propaganda
Knowing the types of propaganda may also help you determine if a source is trying to use propaganda to convince you to believe in their cause.

27. 4. Identifying Propaganda
Here are 6 types of propaganda
Glittering Generality
Card Stacking
Plain Folks
Name Calling
Bandwagon
Transfer

28. Here are 6 types of propaganda
Glittering Generality
Use words and phrases that sound appealing and that everyone agrees with.
“I stand for freedom and the American way”

29. Here are 6 types of propaganda
2. Card Stacking
Use only facts that support your argument.
“My opponent voted against raising social security”.
(You do not mention that she voted no because the proposal was too small.)

30. Here are 6 types of propaganda
3. Plain Folks
Tell voters that you are just like them – an ordinary person with similar ideas.
“I’ve lived in this city all my life. My children go to the same schools as your children do.”

31. Here are 6 types of propaganda
4. Name Calling
Attach negative labels to your opponent.
“He’s soft on crime.”

32. Here are 6 types of propaganda
5. Bandwagon
Appeal to desire to follow the crowd.
“Polls show that more than 80% of voters favor me.”

33. Here are 6 types of propaganda
6. Transfer
Connect yourself to a respected person, group, or symbol.
“Remember what Abraham Lincoln said…”