1. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Review of the Middle Ages

2. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Fall of Rome
Political corruption
Economic problem - inflation - unemployment - cost of empire
Military decline
Loss of morale
Barbarian invasions

3. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Byzantine Empire
500 AD - - -> 1450 AD
Constantinople
Eastern Roman Empire
Orthodox (Christian) Religion
Trade
Preserves Greek & Roman learning

4. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]

5. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Ottoman Empire
> 1918 AD - Seljuk Turks
Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) - Balkan Peninsula - Saudi Arabia to Northern Africa * Islamic + Arabic *
“Suleiman the Magnificent”

6. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]

7. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
The CRUSADES
GOAL: reclaim the Holy Land for Jesus
RESULT: military failure .. Economic success - the Crusades vs the Seljuk Turks [ led by Saladin ] - the Seljuk Turks / Ottoman Empire will control the area until the 1920s - Europeans are exposed to different ideas, foods, etc leads to cultural diffusion - gives rise to the Age of Exploration as Europeans want more .. i.e. Spices

8. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
A major result of the Crusades was the
conversion of the majority of Palestinians to Protestantism.
increase in the independence of women in Europe and the Middle East
growth of trade between Europe and Asia
development of theocratic governments in Southern Asia.
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]

9. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
A major result of the Crusades was the
conversion of the majority of Palestinians to Protestantism.
increase in the independence of women in Europe and the Middle East
growth of trade between Europe and Asia
development of theocratic governments in Southern Asia.

10. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
One way in which Pax Romana and Pax Mongolia are similar is that both were characterized by
social equality for men and women
unifying religious institutions
representative forms of government
political stability
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD] 10

11. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
One way in which Pax Romana and Pax Mongolia are similar is that both were characterized by
social equality for men and women
unifying religious institutions
representative forms of government
political stability
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]
PAX = peace … when you have peace … you usually have a peaceful, organized government … 11

12. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
The Crusades helped begin the Renaissance and Age of Exploration because they
1.    brought contact with the ideas and products of other people.
2. created new areas for religious converts 3.    increased the power of the Roman Catholic Church. 4.   freed the Byzantine Empire from Muslim control.

13. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
The Crusades helped begin the Renaissance and Age of Exploration because they
1.    brought contact with the ideas and products of other people.
2. created new areas for religious converts 3.    increased the power of the Roman Catholic Church. 4.   freed the Byzantine Empire from Muslim control.
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]

14. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Which two explorers and traders focused on
Asia & Africa?
1. Ferdinand Magellan and Matthew Perry
2. Christopher Columbus and Genghis Khan
3. Vasco de Gama and Zheng He
4. Francisco Pizarro and Marco Polo
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]

15. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Which two explorers and traders focused on
Asia & Africa?
1. Ferdinand Magellan and Matthew Perry
2. Christopher Columbus and Genghis Khan
3. Vasco de Gama and Zheng He
4. Francisco Pizarro and Marco Polo
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]

16. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
What is a major contribution of the Byzantine Empire to global history?
preservation of Greek and Roman culture
construction of the pyramids
expansion of equal rights
(4) invention of writing

17. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
What is a major contribution of the Byzantine Empire to global history?
preservation of Greek and Roman culture
construction of the pyramids
expansion of equal rights
(4) invention of writing

18. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
King Louis XIV of France, Peter the Great of Russia, and Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire were all considered absolute rulers because they
(1) broke from the Roman Catholic Church
(2) helped feudal lords build secure castles
(3) instituted programs that provided more power to their parliaments
(4) determined government policies without the consent of their people
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]

19. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
King Louis XIV of France, Peter the Great of Russia, and Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire were all considered absolute rulers because they
(1) broke from the Roman Catholic Church
(2) helped feudal lords build secure castles
(3) instituted programs that provided more power to their parliaments
(4) determined government policies without the consent of their people
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]

20. Medieval Europe-Feudalism
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]
Medieval Europe-Feudalism
lord provided protection in exchange for loyalty and services of vassal
DECENTRALIZED government
rigid class system
self sufficient manor
serfs (poor farmers)
similar to Feudalism in Japan: ”Tokugawa” shogun, samurai,peasants

21. Medieval Europe- CHURCH
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]
Medieval Europe- CHURCH
Unified people - common religion, sacraments
Economic role - Church owned land and collected
Educational role - monks in monasteries copied books
Built cathedrals
Pope powerful-crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor and called for the Crusades

22. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Decline of Feudalism
Crusades
Impact:
New ideas- Arabic, Greek and Roman learning - awareness of other cultures--Renaissance
New products( silk,spices, coffee etc.) increased demand --trade--Commercial Revolution-- Exploration
Rise in power of kings

23. RIGID CLASS STRUCTURES
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]
RIGID CLASS STRUCTURES
EUROPE – Middle Ages
King
Nobles … landowners (gentry)
Knights
Farmers / Peasants
CHURCH - Pope = King - Bishop = Nobles .. Church controlled education
INDIA – Caste System
Brahmin .. priests
Kshatriya .. Warriors & rulers - Vaisyas .. Merchants - Sudras .. Unskilled workers - Harijans .. “Untouchables”
Other similar systems are: - Latin America .. Spanish rule - Japan .. Tokugawa Shogunate

24. Japan’s Tokugawa Shogunate = European Middle Ages
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]
EUROPE – Middle Ages
King
Nobles … landowners (gentry)
Knights
Farmers / Peasants
CHURCH - Pope = King - Bishop = Nobles .. Church controlled education
JAPAN – Tokugawa Shogunate
Emperor (no power) - Shogun .. Military general
Daimyo .. Nobles … landowners (gentry)
Samurai (warriors)
Farmers / Peasants - Scholars

25. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Decline of Feudalism
Black Death(Bubonic plague)
Rats with fleas carried the disease from Asia; entered Europe on trading ships
Impact
Killed 1/3 of European population
Loss of peasant labor-- decline of manors
Guilds declined as craftsmen in towns died

26. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
The Middle Ages in Western Europe
was characterized by
1. the manor system
and the importance of land ownership.
2. absolute monarchies
and strong central governments.
3. decreased emphasis on religion in daily life.
4. extensive trade with Asia and the Middle East.

27. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
The Middle Ages in Western Europe
was characterized by
1. the manor system
and the importance of land ownership.
2. absolute monarchies
and strong central governments.
3. decreased emphasis on religion in daily life.
4. extensive trade with Asia and the Middle East.
. . . Feudalism . . .
. . . Manorialism . . .
. . . Role of CHURCH . . .
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]

28. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
In both Europe and Japan, the major reason for the development of the political system shown in the illustration was to
1. eliminate the need for a legal system
2. increase trade and manufacturing in the region
3. consolidate the political power of religious leaders
4. provide order during a period of weak central government 28

29. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
In both Europe and Japan, the major reason for the development of the political system shown in the illustration was to
1. eliminate the need for a legal system
2. increase trade and manufacturing in the region
3. consolidate the political power of religious leaders
4. provide order during a period of weak central government
The term “decentralized” government … is often used to describe this type of political system 29

30. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Feudalism served a useful purpose during the early Middle Ages because it
       
1. encouraged universal education                
2. eliminated warfare
3. provided protection and social order         
4. created jobs in industry
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]

31. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Feudalism served a useful purpose during the early Middle Ages because it
       
1. encouraged universal education                
2. eliminated warfare
3. provided protection and social order         
4. created jobs in industry
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]

32. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
A major result of the Crusades was the
        
1. conversion of the majority of Europeans to Protestantism.
2. weakening of the power of the middle class in Europe.
3. growth of trade between Europe and Asia
4. development of feudalism in Europe.

33. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
A major result of the Crusades was the
        
1. conversion of the majority of Europeans to Protestantism.
2. weakening of the power of the middle class in Europe.
3. growth of trade between Europe and Asia
4. development of feudalism in Europe.

34. Commercial Revolution
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]
Commercial Revolution
Barter System [Feudalism]
$ Development of Capitalism $
$ Banks $ - $ Joint Stock Company $ - $ Insurance $
Hanseatic League … northern Europe
Crusades - - -> TRADE
Italy … Meditereanean trade route
$ Mercantilism $

35. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Which statement about capitalism,
and laissez-faire economics is most accurate?
1. No one may own private property.
2. The government makes all economic decisions.
3. The main goal of business is to make a profit.
4. Exports are always greater than imports.

36. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Which statement about capitalism,
and laissez-faire economics is most accurate?
1. No one may own private property.
2. The government makes all economic decisions.
3. The main goal of business is to make a profit.
4. Exports are always greater than imports.
LAISSEZ-FAIRE … government leaves business alone … the market … law of supply & demand will regulate / control business

37. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Which of the following three (3) terms go along with “Commercial”?
(1) Agrarian, agriculture & Green Revolution
(2) Crusades, Church & Jerusalem
(3) totalitarian, absolutism & democracy
(4) Trade, Merchant & Capitalism
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]

38. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
Which of the following three (3) terms go along with “Commercial”?
(1) Agrarian, agriculture & Green Revolution
(2) Crusades, Church & Jerusalem
(3) totalitarian, absolutism & democracy
(4) Trade, Merchant & Capitalism
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]
Commerce deals with $$$ money … economics … owning your own business … making a profit

39. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
What was one result of the Commercial Revolution in Europe?
(1) decrease in the size of the middle class
(2) expansion of the manor system
(3) development of financial institutions
(4) wider use of the barter system
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]

40. GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC - 2015 AD]
What was one result of the Commercial Revolution in Europe?
(1) decrease in the size of the middle class
(2) expansion of the manor system
(3) development of financial institutions
(4) wider use of the barter system
GLOBAL HISTORY review [4000 BC AD]