1. Principles of Ecology
Bio C2

2. Principles of Ecology Organisms and their Environment
A. Sharing the world
1. Studying Nature
B. What is ecology?
1. Definition of ecology
2. Ecological research
C. The Biosphere

3. Principles of Ecology The Biosphere 1. Structure of the biosphere
2. The non-living environment
3. Living environment
II. Levels of Organization

4. Principles of Ecology Levels of Organization
A. Population- group of same species interbreeding & living together in same place & time

5. Principles of Ecology
B. Communities- interacting populations in a certain area at the same time.

6. Principles of Ecology
C. Ecosystems- interacting populations and the communities’ abiotic factors.

7. Principles of Ecology Ecosystems Types 1. Terrestrial 2. Aquatic
a. Fresh
b. saltwater
3. Other Sites

8. Principles of Ecology
An egret can be a predator, prey, and a mover of fish eggs and seeds.
Organisms in Ecosystems
habitat- place where organism lives
A. Niche- strategies & adaptations species use to meet its needs. (Jobs they do)

9. Principles of Ecology Survival Relationships A. Predator-Prey*
B. Mutualism*
C. Commensalism
D. Parasitism
The caterpillars have nectar organs which ants drink from, & acacia tolerates feeding caterpillars. The ants appear to provide protection for both plant & caterpillar.

10. Principles of Ecology Survival Relationships C. Commensalism
relationship between two species where one derives benefit & the other is unaffected
D. Parasitism- tomato hornworm with pupating braconid wasps.

11. Ecosystem Ecosystem Characteristics: Definition: TYPES: Non-Examples:

12. Ecosystem Ecosystem Characteristics: Definition:
TYPES: Terrestrial: forest, field meadow, yard, rotting log
Aquatic: Freshwater or Marine
Other: Human Body, Buildings, or Food
Non-Examples:
Example:

13. Ecosystem Ecosystem Characteristics: Definition:
TYPES: Terrestrial: forest, field meadow, yard, rotting log
Aquatic: Freshwater or Marine
Other: Human Body, Buildings, or Food
Example: Mold growing in ceiling tiles of a building causing allergies
Non-Examples:

14. Ecosystem Ecosystem Characteristics: Definition:
TYPES: Terrestrial: forest, field meadow, yard, rotting log
Aquatic: Freshwater or Marine
Other: Human Body, Buildings, or Food
Habitat
Example: Mold growing in ceiling tiles of a building causing allergies
Non-Examples:

15. Ecosystem Ecosystem Characteristics: Definition:
TYPES: Terrestrial: forest, field meadow, yard, rotting log
Aquatic: Freshwater or Marine
Other: Human Body, Buildings, or Food
Habitat
Niche
Example: Mold growing in ceiling tiles of a building causing allergies
Non-Examples:

16. Ecosystem Ecosystem Characteristics: Definition:
TYPES: Terrestrial: forest, field meadow, yard, rotting log
Aquatic: Freshwater or Marine
Other: Human Body, Buildings, or Food
Habitat
Niche
Resource
Example: Mold growing in ceiling tiles of a building causing allergies
Non-Examples:

17. Ecosystem Ecosystem Characteristics: Definition:
TYPES: Terrestrial: forest, field meadow, yard, rotting log
Aquatic: Freshwater or Marine
Other: Human Body, Buildings, or Food
Habitat
Niche
Resource
Organism
Example: Mold growing in ceiling tiles of a building causing allergies
Non-Examples:

18. Ecosystem Ecosystem Characteristics: Definition:
TYPES: Terrestrial: forest, field meadow, yard, rotting log
Aquatic: Freshwater or Marine
Other: Human Body, Buildings, or Food
Habitat
Niche
Resource
Organism
Population
Example: Mold growing in ceiling tiles of a building causing allergies
Non-Examples:

19. Ecosystem Ecosystem Characteristics: Definition:
TYPES: Terrestrial: forest, field meadow, yard, rotting log
Aquatic: Freshwater or Marine
Other: Human Body, Buildings, or Food
Habitat
Niche
Resource
Organism
Population
Community
Example: Mold growing in ceiling tiles of a building causing allergies
Non-Examples:

20. Ecosystem Ecosystem Definition: Characteristics:
TYPES: Terrestrial: forest, field meadow, yard, rotting log
Aquatic: Freshwater or Marine
Other: Human Body, Buildings, or Food
NOT one but ALL these things interacting together make up an ECOSYSTEM
Habitat
Niche
Resource
Organism
Population
Community
Example: Mold growing in ceiling tiles of a building causing allergies
Non-Examples:

21. Ecosystem Ecosystem Definition: Characteristics:
Includes living & nonliving things organized within BIOMES into the BIOSPHERE.
Ecosystem
TYPES: Terrestrial: forest, field meadow, yard, rotting log
Aquatic: Freshwater or Marine
Other: Human Body, Buildings, or Food
NOT one but ALL these things interacting together make up an ECOSYSTEM
Habitat
Niche
Resource
Organism
Population
Community
Example: Mold growing in ceiling tiles of a building causing allergies
Non-Examples:

22. Ecosystem Ecosystem Definition: Characteristics:
Includes living & nonliving things organized within BIOMES into the BIOSPHERE.
Organism Population Community Ecosystem
Ecosystem
TYPES: Terrestrial: forest, field meadow, yard, rotting log
Aquatic: Freshwater or Marine
Other: Human Body, Buildings, or Food
NOT one but ALL these things interacting together make up an ECOSYSTEM
Habitat
Niche
Resource
Organism
Population
Community
Example: Mold growing in ceiling tiles of a building causing allergies
Non-Examples:

23. Ecosystem Ecosystem Definition: Characteristics:
Includes living & nonliving things organized within BIOMES into the BIOSPHERE.
Organism Population Community Ecosystem
Interactions among populations in a community (biotic) within the community’s physical surroundings (abiotic factors)
Ecosystem
TYPES: Terrestrial: forest, field meadow, yard, rotting log
Aquatic: Freshwater or Marine
Other: Human Body, Buildings, or Food
NOT one but ALL these things interacting together make up an ECOSYSTEM
Habitat
Niche
Resource
Organism
Population
Community
Example: Mold growing in ceiling tiles of a building causing allergies
Non-Examples:

24. 2.2 Nutrition & Energy Flow
How Organisms get Energy
A. Producers- Autotrophs
B. Consumers- Heterotrophs
1.Herbivores
2. Carnivores
3. Scavengers
4. Omnivores
5. Decomposers

25. 2.2 Nutrition & Energy Flow
How Organisms get Energy
A. Producers- Autotrophs
B. Consumers- Heterotrophs
1.Herbivores- eat plants
2. Carnivores- eat animals
3. Scavengers- eat carrion (dead)
4. Omnivores- eat both plant & animal
5. Decomposers- breakdown compounds into molecules

26. Pyramid of Energy

27. Nutrition & Energy Flow
Flow of Matter & Energy in Ecosystems
A. Food Chains
B. Food Webs
C. Ecological pyramids

28. Food Chains Simple model scientists use to show how food & energy move
through an ecosystem.

29. Nutrition & Energy Flow
III. Cycles in Nature
A. Water Cycle
B. C Cycle
C. N Cycle
D. Phosphorus Cycle

30. Phosphorus Cycle