1. Organic Molecules

2. Organic Molecules are….
Molecules that contain carbon

3. Carbon is important to living organisms for several reasons….
Carbon is found in all living things
Complex molecules are made up of carbon bonding with other elements to make
biological building blocks

4. Building blocks link together to form complex molecules
Monomers are building blocks.
Monomers bond together to form long chains called polymers.

5. 4 types of Biomolecules
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids

6. 1. Carbohydrates
Sugars, starches and fibers found in fruits, grains, vegetables and milk products. 

7. Function
Quick/short- term energy
Energy storage
Structure

8. Elements (C,H,O)
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

9. Monomer: Monosaccharide
Simple sugars
EX: glucose, fructose, galactose

10. Polysaccharides many monomers joined together
Starch energy storage in plants
Glycogen energy storage in animals
Cellulose support for plant cell walls
Chitin support in exoskeletons of arthropods

11. EX: Carbohydrates Identify each example as a monosaccharide or polysaccharide.
fruit
potatoes
pasta
honey
exoskeleton

12. Chitin does which of the following functions?
Energy storage in animals
Support in exoskeletons of arthropods
Energy storage in plants
Support for plant cells

13. 2. Lipids
A group of biological molecules that generally do not dissolve in water

14. Found in… Vegetable oil Animal fats Waxes Cell Membranes
Steroids/Hormones
Candle wax
Lipid bilayer of cell membrane

15. Function
Insulation
Protection
Long term energy storage

16. Elements (C, H, O)
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

17. Monomers
Glycerol
Fatty acids

18. Polymer
Ex. Triglyceride = Glycerol and three fatty acids

19. Phosphate group, 2 fatty acids & glycerol
Ex. Phospholipid
Phosphate group, 2 fatty acids & glycerol

20. A. Carbohydrate B. Lipid C. Amino Acids D. Hydrolysis
Long-term, back-up energy storage and insulation are the functions of which biomolecule?
A. Carbohydrate
B. Lipid
C. Amino Acids
D. Hydrolysis

21. 3. Proteins
 Large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body

22. Found in…
muscle
skin
hair

23. Functions Structure Speed up chemical reactions (enzymes)
Regulate body processes (antibodies & hormones)

24. Elements (C, H, O, N)
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen

25. Monomer
Amino Acids (20 different kinds)

26. Polymer Peptide bond Amino acids are joined together to form protein
The bond between amino acids is called a PEPTIDE BOND.
Peptide bond

27. If you put many of these molecules together (by removing water), what larger molecule will they form?
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrate
C. Lipid
D. Nucleic Acid

28. 4. Nucleic Acids
Function: Store, transmit, and transfer genetic information
Examples: DNA & RNA
Elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

29. Monomer
Nucleotide (3 parts)

30. Polymer

31. Review Carbon Compounds Include 4 types Made up of Made up of
which contain
which contain
which contain
which contain
EX:
EX:
EX:
EX:

32. Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorous
Review
Carbon
Compounds
Include 4 types
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Made up of
Made up of
Made up of
Made up of
Monosaccharides
Glycerol &
fatty acids
Amino Acids
Nucleotides
which contain
which contain
which contain
which contain
Carbon,
hydrogen,
oxygen
Carbon, Hydrogen,
Oxygen, Nitrogen
Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorous
EX:
EX:
EX:
EX:

33. Carbohydrates and lipids Proteins and carbohydrates
An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide energy. Which two biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits?
Carbohydrates and lipids
Proteins and carbohydrates
Nucleic acids and carbohydrates
Lipids and nucleic acids

34. Which of the following best describes these biomolecules?
Molecule X and Molecule Y are both carbohydrates.
Molecule X is a nucleic acid, and Molecule Y is a carbohydrate.
Molecule X and Molecule Y are both nucleic acids.
Molecule X is a carbohydrate, and Molecule Y is a nucleic acid.

35. Cornell Summary & Study Questions