1. ATCT - Family Validation
BMW Group,
ATCT - Family Validation
BMW Results

2. BMW - Soaking Test facilities
14°C cool down tests in climate test facility
 soaking in big volume with both vehicles one to another during cool down 1
328xi
320iA 2
23°C cool down tests in regular soak area

3. BMW - Test Vehicles - Conventional
3 Series, 328xi, Limousine, MT
3 Series, 320iA, Gran Tourismo, AT

4. Engine coolant temperature @14°C, 9h Engine coolant temperature
BMW - Cool down and FCF Values
Vehicle
Engine coolant 9h
Engine coolant temperature
@23°C, 9h
Test1
Test2
328xi Limo (MT)
T_amb+9.1
T_amb+8.5
T_amb+8.8
T_amb+6.4
320iA GT (AT)
T_amb+8.6
T_amb+7.3
T_amb+5.7
ΔT=0.6K
ΔT=3.1K 1 2
Vehicle
FCF
Test1
Test2
328xi Limo (MT)
1.018
1.015
320iA GT (AT)
1.020
1.014
 BMW proposal 5K absolute temperature tolerance

5. ATCT FOR PHEVs?
The correction is complex and requires significant lab ressources:
Correction of Charge Sustaining CO2 value: possible (like ICE)
Correction of electric range for Utility Factor and CO2: ?

6. BMW - Test Vehicles - Hybrid
5 Series, 535i
Additional hybrid functionality with equivalent conventional drive train.
5 Series, ActiveHybrid5
Evaluation of measurements still in progress.
From experience made during measurement campaign so far we can conclude:
FCF of conventional vehicle is not transferable to HEV vehicles, even with similar powertrains.
Why is FCFconventional ≠ FCFhybrid ?
Absolute time for engine heat up is shorter for a PHEV due to higher load level.
In hybrid mode, ICE can operates with better efficiency. This effects also cold start.

7. Test conducted with a BMW i3
Temperature Influence on EleCtric Range
Test conducted with a BMW i3
E-Range (customer): km

8. ATCT for PHEVs in WLTP. ATCT impact on the electric range of CD test.
Type I
@ 23°C
charging
@ 14°C / 9h
ATCT
@ 14°C
-3% eRange
UF [%]
Electric Range [km] 10 30 20 40 50 60 70 80 90
100
Example PHEV
(40km eRange, 100g CO2/km)
40 km electric range +
Shift in UF curve
ΔCO2 ≤ 1 g/km
For i3 Range Extender, the influence
would be <<1g/km CO2

9. ATCT for PHEVs in WLTP. ATCT recommendation BMW for PHEVs :
Correction of Charge Sustaining according to ICE procedure
No correction of e-Range and UF.