1. Welcome Scouts

2. Meteorology Study of the atmosphere
Aristotle coined the term in 340 B.C.
Thermometers and Hygrometers (1600 and 1700s)
Telegraph in 1843 led to early maps
Concepts of air masses and fronts in 1920s
Upper air balloon observations of temperature, humidity, and pressure in 1940s

3. Meteorology Computer generated forecasts (1950s)
Satellite Imagery (1960s)
Operational Doppler Radar (1980s)
Modernization of NWS (1990s)
2000s ??????????

4. How Weather Affects: Travel Industry Construction Industry
Pilots need to know wind speed and direction for fuel concerns
Construction Industry
Concrete different temps and ruined by rain
Forecasts can help plan efficient jobs
Agriculture Industry
Planting and harvesting dates
Frost protection

5. Clouds

6. Safety Rules for Weather

7. What causes the Wind to blow?
Wind is the movement of air
The movement of air is caused by differences in pressure
Differences in pressure are caused by the uneven heating of the earth’s surface

8. What is pressure?

9. What is pressure?

10. What is pressure?

11. Differences in Pressure

12. Differences in Pressure

13. Differences in Pressure

14. Air Masses

15. Temperature Map from Thursday

16. Surface Map with Cold and Warm Fronts

17. Temperature Map

18. Cross Section of a Cold Front

19. Cross Section of a Warm Front

20. Why does it rain? Moist air Some way to move the air upward
Fronts, mountains, warm summer days

21. Cloud Simulation

22. How does Lightning form?

23. How does Lightning form?

24. How does Lightning form?

25. How does Lightning form?

26. How does Lightning form?

27. How does Lightning form?

28. How does Lightning Form?
Moving air in a cumulonimbus separates positive and negative charges within the cloud
Lightning is a result of a discharge between the differing charges

29. How does Lightning form?

30. How does Lightning form?

31. How does Lightning form?

32. How does Lightning form?

33. How does Lightning form?

34. How does Lightning form?

35. How does Lightning form?

36. How does Lightning form? Actually she is alive and well!

37. How does Lightning form?

38. How does Lightning form?

39. What is Acid Rain? Atmospheric water that is more acidic than normal
Also includes acid in the “dry” form that interacts with the biosphere
pH level below 5

40. pH levels across the U.S.

41. What is Acid Rain?
Caused by burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)
Cars and Factories source of emission
Emissions:
sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide

42. What is Acid Rain?

43. Consequence of Acid Rain
Acid rain can be absorbed into the ground water, thus contaminating:
water used for human consumption (cause respiratory problems in children)
water used for plant consumption (lowers plant resistance to disease)
water used by aquatic life (dying fish)

44. Water Cycle

45. Constructing a Barometer
Record the change in pressure (up, down, or steady) on a daily basis
Low pressure associated with “bad” weather such as high winds, rain, severe weather
High pressure associated with “good”weather such as light winds, no rain, clear skies

46. Constructing a Barometer
Keep barometer in a controlled climate (a room where temperature does not change)
Make predictions of weather based on change in daily pressure

47. Constructing a Hygrometer
Keep hygrometer in a well ventilated area
Record the Relative Humidity on a daily basis

48. Constructing a Hygrometer
Relative Humidity may be thought of as:
amount of moisture in the air/amount of moisture that can be held in the air at a particular temperature
Make predictions of weather based on moisture in atmosphere

49. Notes found on the web at: