1. LA 8: Unit I: Writing Mechanics
Sentences

2. The Parts of a Sentence
Every sentence has two main parts: a complete subject and a complete predicate.
The subject includes all the words that tell the reader who or what the sentence is about.
Eg. My friend Bill drank all my pop.
A complete predicate includes all the words that state the action or condition of the subject. They describe what’s happening to the subject.

3. Types of Sentences
Declarative – makes a statement and is usually ended by a period.
Interrogative – asks a question and is usually ended by a question mark.
Exclamatory – expresses strong emotion. It’s followed by an exclamation mark.
Imperative - Expresses a command/order. Sometimes followed by an exclamation mark.

4. Natural and Inverted Order of the Subject of a Sentence
Natural Order – The subject comes BEFORE the verb.
Eg. Tom is busy doing nothing.
Inverted Order – The subject comes AFTER the verb.
Eg. There goes the neighbourhood.
Many questions are posed in inverted order.
Eg. Where is North America?

5. Combining Sentences
If the subjects and/or the predicate are the same in two different sentences they can be combined into a single sentence.
Eg. Tom is eating chicken. Bill is eating chicken. → Tom and Bill are eating chicken.
Eg. Tom likes baseball. Tom likes soccer. Tom likes baseball and soccer.

6. Run-On Sentences
Sentence that contains two or more independent clauses and is missing the necessary punctuation such as a period, comma/conjunction, or semicolon.
Eg. Tommy likes to fish he also likes to eat his catches. → Tommy likes to fish; he also likes to eat his catches. OR Tommy likes to fish, and he likes to eat his catches.

7. Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences
Simple Sentence – contains only one independent clause
Eg. Tyler already understands the different sentences.
Compound sentence – contains two independent clauses.
Eg. Tyler already understands the different sentences; he’s ready to tackle paragraph writing.
Complex Sentence – contains one independent and one dependent clause.
Eg. Carrie’s trying out for volleyball, every Tuesday and Thursday.

8. Independent and Dependent Clauses
Independent Clause – a part of a compound or complex sentence which can stand on its own as a sentence.
Eg. You must obey the law, or you might end up in prison.
Dependent Clause – a part of a compound or complex sentence which CANNOT stand on its own as a sentence.
Eg. Sophie will call for you when she’s ready.