1. The Church Gives Witness in Wars and Revolutions
Chapter 19
The Church Gives Witness in Wars and Revolutions

2. Negative 20th c. Advancements
Legalized Abortion
Abuse of biotechnology
Clash of civilizations
Nuclear armed nations

3. Positive 20th c. Advancements
Hunger/famine diminished
Spread of literacy
Human rights
Independent nations
Technology

4. Pope St. Pius X ( )
Part I

5. Pope St. Pius X (1903 -1914) First pope of the 20th century
"To Restore All Things in Christ"

6. Pope St. Pius X ( )
Ended custom of the Holy Roman Emperor intervening in Papal Elections
Encouraged the Faithful of France not allow the government to take control of Church property
Encouraged Catholics to once again take part in the Italian elections
Code of Canon Law 1917

7. Pope St. Pius X ( )
Took important steps in liturgy and worship
“Pope of the Eucharist”

8. Christian Modernists Catholic intellectuals
Psychological Experience rather than objective truth
Church Doctrines/structures always subject to change
Bible = record of its author’s religious experience

9. War, Revolution, and Persecution
Part II

10. Pope Benedict XV (1914-1922) Protested barbarity of WWI
Remained impartial during WWI
Wanted to better serve peace process
Plan for peace ignored
Assisted WWI victims

11. Pope Benedict XV (1914-1922) Criticized the Treaty of Versailles
Supported League of Nations
Increased Holy See diplomats
Pope = “world’s moral conscience”

12. Soviet Communism Stalin “Workers paradise” 50 million opponents killed
Catholic/Orthodox churches destroyed
54, 000 Catholic Churches reduced to less than 100
1 priest allowed to remain

13. Concordat of Germany
Privileges given to Catholic schools/organizations
Clergy to not resist government
To safeguard the freedom of the Church
34 letters sent to Hitler in protest
55,000,000 million lives

14. Pope Pius XII ( )
Led the Holy See to remaining officially neutral
Served as a private communicator between anti-Hitler elements in Germany and the Allies

15. Pope Pius XII (1939-1958) Won Rome the status of “open city”
Criticized for not speaking against Nazis
Hitler planned to assonate the Pope Pius XII

16. Maximilian Kolbe Devoted to the Blessed Virgin
Arrested by the Nazis for assisting Jews/ members of the Polish underground
Sent to Auschwitz
Took the place of a married man when a group of men were sent to be executed

17. Edith Stein (St. Teresa of the Cross)
Atheist at an early age
Read a biography of St. Teresa of Avila and converted to the Faith
Arrested by the Nazi’s and sent to Auschwitz
Killed in the gas chamber