1. Nathaniel Hawthorne

2. Lesson Focus
Identify and discuss various literary terms such as foreshadowing, suspense, metaphor, simile, personification, irony, etc.

3. Novelist, Short Story Writer, Custom House worker, US Consul
Literary Style: Romanticism

4. Hawthorne’s family was descended from the early Puritans
His father died of yellow fever while at sea
His mother raised three children with little help and less money
After graduating from college, he lived at home for 12 years, secluding himself in an upper room as he taught himself to write fiction

5. Hawthorne was considered handsome, and once he began earning money with his short stories, he met Sophia Peabody
Hawthorne married Sophia, and lived in the “Old Manse,” once owned by Emerson

6. Hawthorne lost his job and his mother at nearly the same time, but was still able to create his masterpiece, “The Scarlet Letter”
This novel brought Hawthorne acclaim, money, and new friends
In 1853, President Franklin Pierce, Hawthorne’s college friend, made him US Consul at Liverpool, England

7. Hawthorne’s wife, Sophia, and their three children
Franklin Pierce

8. Hawthorne and his family lived in Europe for 7 years
Returning home, Hawthorne moved into a dark time…the characters he had created with such dark lives seemed to take over his real life

9. Life had changed in America; the Civil War had broken out and Hawthorne’s friend Pierce had lost his bid for reelection
At home, Hawthorne was unable to begin writing and could not complete manuscripts promised for his publisher

10. Hawthorne’s health declined
On a trip with his friend Pierce, Hawthorne died in New Hampshire

11. Literary Terms
Irony- A contrast or discrepancy between what is stated and what is really meant, or between what is expected to happen and what actually does happen
Dramatic Irony — a reader or an audience perceives something that a character in the story or play does not know
Structural (situational) Irony — the writer shows a discrepancy between the expected result of some action or situation and its actual result
Verbal Irony — a discrepancy between what is said and what is really meant; sarcasm

12. Foreshadowing - The use of clues that hint at important plot developments that are to follow in a story or drama
Setting – The time and place in which the events of a literary work take place
Allegory – The use of a symbolic narrative to emphasize a theme

13. Imagery – Words or phrases that use description to create pictures, or images, in the reader’s mind
Third Person POV -
This point of view definition uses “he” and “she” as the pronouns to refer to different characters, and provides the greatest amount of flexibility for the author.
There are two main possibilities for the third person point of view: limited and omniscient.
In a third person limited point of view, the reader is privy only to one main character’s thoughts. In this way, it is similar to the first person singular point of view, since the focus stays tightly on one character.
Third person omniscient point of view allows the author to delve into the thoughts of any character, making the narrator seem godlike.

14. The Ambitious Guest
The story is based on the true story of the Willey family
They were killed in an avalanche in New Hampshire in 1828
See page 152 for details
Crawford Notch, New Hampshire, where the Willey family lived

15. Class Work
Read the piece in class, completing for homework if necessary
Complete the “Literary Elements” handout
Complete the Literary Critique questions, page 151, #2 1-7

16. Homework
Writing Workshop, page 151, #2
Focus on Irony