1. Learning Objectives
To know what the DTM (Demographic Transition Model) shows.
To understand the different stages of development a country can be in.
To look at indicators of development in an Atlas and work out countries that are in the different stages of the DTM.

2. A model or theory which shows how population growth occurs in a country over time. What is happening in each of the four stages?

4. Discussion
Pairs – What are the problems that a country in stage 2 of the DTM (India) face?

5. Population Pyramids – what do they show?
Write down as many things that these population pyramids show.

6. They show important features of a population – age and gender.
How do you read a population pyramid?
The taller the pyramid the longer people live. (Life expectancy)
A broad shape at the top of the pyramid shows a high proportion of people living longer.
Differences between males and females can be picked out.
Bulges show a period of immigration or baby booms.
Indents show higher death rates than normal because of a war, famine or disease epidemic or through people emigrating in masses.
A wide base would show a large number of children - high birth rate.
A narrow base shows a small number of children or a low birth rate.

7. Population Pyramids FRANCE INDIA Low birth rate High birth rate
Low death rate
Indent showing deaths from WW2
Ageing population – high proportion of elderly people.
INDIA
High birth rate
High death rate
Youthful population
Lack of population in the working age sector.

8. Task
Read pages of the Edexcel B textbook. This should explain population pyramid shape with the help of three country examples in more detail.
Below shows the affects of AIDS on Botswana.
What is the dependency ratio?
The % of people under 15 + % of people over 66 divided by the % of people between 16 and 65.
An ageing population would have a high dependency ratio – as would a population with a very high birth rate. Getting the balance right is the key.

9. VLE Homework
What would a population pyramid for stage 5 of the DTM look like?
What are the problems with having a highly dependent population?