1. brief history of the rise and fall of the Roman Empire
Developed by Juanra

2. Rome was a vast collection of states and cultures, extended across Europe, Africa and Asia.
It was ruled by a King / monarchy ( bC), the Senate / Republic (until 27 bC) and the Emperor / Empire (until 476 aC)

3. Key achievements of the Roman Empire
Roman culture unified three continents by:
Using a common language, the Latin
Legal principles: impartial justice and trial by jury
Engineering and architecture: great roads and buildings

4. Founding of Rome Along the Tiber
Rome was found in 753 B.C.  According to legend, the abandoned twins Romulus and Remus were found along the Tiber River by a she-wolf, who rescued and suckled the twins.  After growing up, Romulus killed Remus and the city of Rome was found on the Capitoline Hill, being Romulus the first king.    Rome was built where it is today because of its location on the trade route along the Tiber River, but more specifically because this point was the easiest place to cross the Tiber. Tiber Island continues to be one of the major identifiers of Rome from afar.

5. Click here to see the rise of Rome

6. Roman Republic ( b. C.)
The Roman Republic was installed after the Roman kingdom was overthrown in 509BC and lasted until 27BC. One of the most important figures of this period is Julius Caesar.
During the time of the Roman Republic the citizens elected representatives. These representatives formed the Senate, Rome’s most powerful body of government. Each year the Senate elected two leaders who took charge of the government, the consuls. There were two consuls at a time and they only served for one year.

7. At first, most senators were patricians
At first, most senators were patricians. They had family roots dating back to ancient Rome. A plebeian was an ordinary, working male citizen. Plebeians could vote, but they could not hold public office. In 287 B.C., plebeians got the same rights as patricians.

8. The Roman Republic and its army grew
The Roman Republic and its army grew. Rome conquered new lands beyond the Italian Peninsula. Its culture and language spread farther into Spain and Greece.
In this link you can see the evolution of Rome during the Punics Wars and the civil wars.

9. From the Republic to the Empire
During the 1st century BC, civil wars brought Rome´s republican government to an end.
Julius Caesar, a Roman general and governor, used his power to become a dictator. After another civil war, in 27 B.C., Rome became an empire being Augustus the first Roman emperor.
He brought peace and wealth to Rome for 40 years. Rome made great progress. The army kept peace. Trade increased. Many public buildings and lighthouses were built. The growth that Augustus began lasted 200 years. It is known as the “Pax Romana,” or Roman Peace.

10. Roman society from the Republic to the Empire

11. The fall of Rome The Peak of Roman Power
Rome ruled much of Europe around the Mediterranean for over 1000 years. However, the inner workings of the Roman Empire began to decline starting around 200 AD. By 400 AD Rome was struggling under the weight of its giant empire. The city of Rome finally fell in 476 AD.
The Peak of Roman Power
Rome reached its peak of power in the 2nd century around the year 117 AD under the rule of the great Roman emperor Trajan. Virtually all of the coastline along the Mediterranean Sea was part of the Roman Empire. This included Spain, Italy, France, southern Britain, Turkey, Israel, Egypt, and northern Africa.

12. Roman expansion during the Empire

13. Gradual decline
The Fall of Rome didn't happen in a day, it happened over a long period of time. There are a number of reasons why the empire began to fail. Here are some of the causes of the fall of the Roman Empire:
The politicians and rulers of Rome became more and more corrupt.
Infighting and civil wars within the Empire
Attacks from barbarian tribes outside of the empire such as the Visigoths, Huns, Franks, and Vandals.
The Roman army was no longer a dominant force.
The empire became so large it was difficult to govern.

14. By 285 AD the Roman Empire had grown so vast that it was no longer feasible to govern all the provinces from the central seat of Rome. The Emperor Diocletian divided the empire into halves with the Eastern Empire governed out of Byzantium (later Constantinople) and the Western Empire governed from Rome.
After Theodosius dead in 395 AD, the Empire was permanently divided into east and west, between his two sons, Arcadius and Honorius.

16. The Western Roman Empire had been steadily weakening for years until constant invasions of those territories and increasing pressure from threats such as the Huns, Goths and Vandals.
Here you have a link where you can see the territorial evolution during the Empire.

17. The end The City of Rome is Sacked
The city of Rome was thought by many to be unconquerable. However, in 410 AD, a Germanic barbarian tribe called the Visigoths invaded the city. They looted the treasures, killed and enslaved many Romans, and destroyed many buildings. This was the first time in 800 years that the city of Rome had been sacked.
Rome Falls
In 476 AD, a Germanic barbarian by the name of Odoacer took control of Rome. He became king of Italy and forced the last emperor of Rome, Romulus Augustulus, to give up his crown. Many historians consider this to be the end of the Roman Empire.

18. Thomas Cole, The course of the Empire (1833-1836)

19. You can check this information here (english) or here (spanish) Stage one: The Savage State Stage two: The Arcadian or Pastoral Stage Stage Three: The Consummation of Empire Stage four: The Destruction Stage Five: Desolation

20. Roman Constructions Amphitheatre Basilica Circus Forum Insula
Lighthouses
Thermae
Temples
Theatres
Villa
Triumphal arch
Victory columns
Roads
Aqueduct
Bridges
Defensive walls